Europe Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Europe - Assignment Example This article, about the injury of a Dutch prince, Johan Friso, shows that avalanches can cause great damage to human lives. The accident happened just this past week in the Alps. We must be exceedingly cautious about Europe’s geography: it has the power to startle with its beauty, but also the power to destroy the unwary. I enjoyed this article immensely. It dealt with a painful and difficult subject, but it provided so much context that it gave me a great deal to think about. It was very interesting to consider the fact that European royalty used to have so much power. Now they are reduced to fun-loving glamour. And even that power and glamour is subject to Europe’s awesome geography. The power of the continent gives and it also takes away. One important element this article touches on only briefly is the idea that climate change may be responsible for Europe’s changing geography. It is possible that there are more avalanches on the Alps then in other years. This is difficult to prove, but it certainly is food for

Small and Medium Enterprises Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

Small and Medium Enterprises - Coursework Example It has been found that over the past several years throughout the industrialized countries the extra growth that has been achieved is due to the large growth in SMEs (Barakat, 2001). SMEs constitute the dominant form of business organization, accounting for over 95% and up to 99% of enterprises depending on the country. They are responsible for between 60-70% net job creation in OECD countries. Small businesses are particularly important for bringing innovative products or techniques to the market (OECD, 2006). SMEs in any country can grow by partnerships between the private and the public sector by provision of high quality business support that includes training for the development and improvement of the managerial skills for potential and currently operating SMEs. Furthermore, government can assess SMEs in selling their products and services domestically as well as on international front. But most important factor is the financial support. Availability of capital and credit is considered as a major stimulant for the development of the SMEs in many industrialized nations and specially the developing world. Besides government larger and bigger businesses and corporations operating in an economy can help SMEs become more viable business partners by providing training in basic skills such as management, bookkeeping, business planning, marketing, distribution, and quality control. They can assist through technology transfers, direct investment in infrastructure, and the sharing of knowledge. This will make SMEs more competitive and facilitates access to credit. SMEs as their start up financing and also operations and working capital needs require greater access to financial services and investment capital. Unlike SMEs big businesses have little difficulty in securing sizeable bank loans and private investments. At the same time, microfinance, consisting of very small loans, tends to benefit individual entrepreneurs. SMEs fall in between and often struggle to obtain credit and loans. Some 90% of entrepreneurs in Latin America are obliged to source much of their financing from personal savings according to Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) estimates, a picture true throughout much of the developing world (World Business Council for sustainable development). Many financial institutions in the developed and the developing world are reluctant to fund SMEs because of perceived risk and high transaction costs.16 SMEs in the developing world are considered high-risk, as their managers are perceived as lacking managerial expertise, credit history, and/or tangible assets to secure loans. Thus loans to SMEs, when they are able to obtain them, tend to carry higher interest rates and shorter pay-back times. Definition of an SME There is not a single characteristic that is used to define an SME; and thus there is no single definition of SME that can be used as a standard for businesses to qualify as and SME or a large business. Some economists, governments and analysts define SMEs in terms of their revenue generation capabilities, others see how many people have been employed, more criteria consider the land that is occupied for business operations. European Union's indication for a small business is one with a headcount of less than 50 and a microenterprise as one with a maximum of 10 employees; whereas

The User Side And Server Side Factors Computer Science Essay

The User Side And Server Side Factors Computer Science Essay In this report, I will describe and explain about user side and server side factor that can influence the performance of a website and state particular server side capabilities with consideration for limitation of equipment and software customer may be using to browse the website. User side factor: Hardware: The speed of computer system can influence the performance of the website. If the computer system is slow so the user will take a long time to load full website. The speed of computer depends on speed of RAM, ROM and CPU. Ram is plugged into RAM slots on the motherboard. It is used to storage data while Pc is on. It is volatile and temporary. There are many types of RAM kinds. Examples are: SDR RAM, DDR R AM, DDR2 RAM†¦ Rom is different to Ram. It already is designed and connected with the motherboard. So the users dont worry to connect the Rom. Rom is only enabled to read data. It is permanent and non volatile. CPU: is the most important component of computer system. It is located in CPU socket on the motherboard. It is used to processing data and programs. CPU read directives from RAM and realizes those directives. Computers processing speed depends on speed of CPU, but it also depends on other systems. CPU processes data and programs in 4 steps. There are: fetch, decode, execute, and write back. And one more important that the user must have to connect to internet is modem. Modem is the oldest interconnection devices. It is enabling communication over conventional telephone system. The term of modem is coming from modulator and demodulator. It uses a variety of technologies to assist and improve their communication. All modems can offer asynchronous communication (which dont require a common timing to occur between two devices) and synchronous communication (which is a continuous timed transmission). Modem can not affect to computer speed but it affects to internet speed. Internet connection speed: It also is an important part that can influence the performance of website. Even the users have a good computer that has very fast speed but they have slow internet speed, they also must take long time to view and browse the website. The user also must to choose the ISP (internet service provider) that will provide the internet services for them. Broadband is a good idea for the users because it is faster than Dial-up connection. Modem: Modem is also important part of internet connection. The users need it to connect to internet. Modem is the oldest interconnection devices. It is enabling communication over conventional telephone system. The term of modem is coming from modulator and demodulator. It uses a variety of technologies to assist and improve their communication. All modems can offer asynchronous communication (which dont require a common timing to occur between two devices) and synchronous communication (which is a continuous timed transmission) Virus: is software of computer. It occurs when rogue code has entered the computer system. Virus hides itself inside ordinary executable code and makes damage to data, computer system or services. Actually there are over 20000 viruses in the world. It affects the speed of computers operation and slows down the internet connection speed. Software: The users also need to install some software that can make the users easier and faster to connect to internet and browse the website. Examples are Firefox, internet explorer and flash player. Firefox and internet explorer are website browser that are used to browse the website. But I think the user should use Firefox because it is better than internet explorer. Firefox provides fast browsing speed, good security and many features. And flash player is application software that is necessary for browsing the website. It helps the web browser easier and faster loading video or flash on the website. Server side factor: Hardware: Like the user side factor, server side factor also require good speed of RAM and CPU. But server provides internet services to the users, so RAM and CPU of server should be very fast. They involve to the server speed. Server speed: Bandwidth: bandwidth is the capacity that a network connection can conduct at one time. It determines how much traffic can be handled by the web server and how much material is able to be downloaded at any one time. It can be thought of as a pipe from the web server to the users. Server operating systems: It is network operation system software that is used to run computer system. For example is window server 2003. It is the current server version of Windows and Window XP is the workstation version. Window server 2003 is similar in appearance to window NT4.0. There are many version of Window server 2003 which are Web edition, Standard edition, Enterprise edition, and Data centre edition. The different editions of window server 2003 support various hardware platforms and server role. They provide a variety of service which enables the users to interact with other users, system, and application. There are many services that are provided in window server 2003. But in this task I will explain typical services that provided by a window server 2003 directory service. Security: There are many risks for a website. They may be virus, Trojan, hacker, spyware. They can steals customers details and use them for fraud. The server should have security software to protect the system such as firewall, Norton internet security. Security also is the biggest worry for commercial website because they save all the details and information of customers that could be stolen. So the server should have a good security to protect them. Port available: it is device that is used to transfer data between a computer serial port and an Ethernet local area network. It can be used with all types of serial devices and peripherals. It is possible to use Ethernet in place of serial cables, minimizing workstation clutter and also allowing serial devices to be placed far away from the computers with which they are used. The other factors that can influence the performance of website: Web browser compatibility: The website will be browsed by web browser so web browser can affect to the website. The web browse should have all features which help the users to loading the website easier and faster such as flash player. Also web browser should have all compatibility that is needed for a website. For examples are viewing the website with difference font size, colour, etc†¦ Image: On the website, the image may be a graphic hyperlink that is used to link to other page of website. There are 2 types of image that can be used o website. They are bitmap image and vector image. Bitmap image is made up of pixels in a grid. Bitmap format is really easy to use for photos. It is fast to display because the monitor is already just a grid of colour dots, so to display them, the users are just changing the colour of the dots that are already there. But if the users want to stretch a bitmap, they just make all those dots in the photo bigger than the dots on their screen and the photos will be fuzzy. In general, bitmap format is ok for drawings, great for photos and best for the web. But it is hard to stretch, hard to convert to vector. Bitmap image is the file that has ending .bmp .jpeg, .jpg, .png, .psd, etc†¦ And some software to edit bitmap image are Microsoft Paint, Adobe Photoshop, Corel Photo-Paint, Corel Paint Shop Pro, etc†¦ Vector image is difference to bitmap image. It has a lot of virtues. It is made up of many individual, scalable objects. These objects are defined by mathematical equations rather than pixels, so it always render at the highest quality. These objects may consist of lines, curves, and shapes with editable attributes such as colour, fill, and outline. An object can be modified not only by changing its attributes. Vector image has many advantages such as be stretched to various sizes without losing quality. But it still has some disadvantage such as unsuitable for producing photo-realistic imagery. In general, vector format is great for drawings, easy to stretch, easy to convert to bitmap but it is bad for photos and the web. Vector image is the file that has ending .svg, .wmf, etc†¦ And some software to edit Vector image are adobe Illustrator, Corel draw, Xara Xtreme, Serif DrawPlus, etc†¦ Sound: Sound travels in waves. These are continuous and are called analogue. The digital sound wave samples at regular intervals with gaps so small the user ears can not perceive them. There are many types of sound file which are mp3 or wav. Mp3: It is the good sound file. It is a compressed file and is good for internet connection. It does not require much memory. It does take too long to download and retain good quality. Finally, the mp3 file has a low sample rate and therefore produces a smaller file size. It is better than other sound file such as wav. Wav: It has a high sample rate which means the sound quality is closest to that produced by the actual instruments but it is a relatively large file. Because it is a large file so it requires much memory and the user take too long to download it. It is not good for internet users. Video and animation files: Video and animation files produce very large file sizes which require much memory. So they can seriously affect the speed of website. It require long time to download and control a large proportion of bandwidth for duration download even the user use a high quality internet connection. It takes a large proportion of website space and make the website slower. There are many types of video and animation files which are following: Mp4: It is a container format which allows a combination of audio, video, subtitles and still images to be held in the one single file. It also allows for advanced content such as 3D graphics, menus and user interactivity. It can be use by many different multimedia. It has very good quality. It also allows for streaming via the internet which means the user can watch it online. AVI: It is audio video interleave file. It is a video file that conforms to the Microsoft Windows Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) specification. It is a large file and takes memory native to Microsoft windows. It requires a special player that may be included with the Web browser but most of PCs can play it. WMV: It is window media video file which is preferred format for windows. It is originally designed for internet streaming applications. It can be streaming and possible to use less memory faster download. Internet connection speed: The speed of the users internet connection can decide how fast the web page is loaded. There are many types of internet connection which are: Broadband: It is a network that uses a medium that can carry multiple signals simultaneously using technique called multiplexing. The most common example for broadband communications is the typical cable television network which transmits the signals corresponding to dozen if TV channels over one cable. Finally, broadband network provide very fast internet speed. It is very good for internet users. Dial-up: It is the traditional method of connection and remained popular for many years. It has an average speed of 56 Kbps. It uses the existing analogue telephone lines. ISDN: It stands for Integrated Services Digital Network. It is a dial-up communications services that uses standard telephone lines to provide high speed digital communication. The two most common ISDN services are Basic Rate Interface and Primary Rate Interface. It could reach speeds of 128 KBps.

Matilda :: essays research papers

Matilda Directed by Danny DeVito Matilda is a family comedy which takes place somewhere in the USA during the nineties. Matilda is a brilliant girl neglected by her stupid, self-involved parents. Ignored at home, Matilda takes interest in reading and she develops telekinetic powers. Eventually, her insensitive parents send her to a school run by the cruel Miss Trunchbull. Matilda befriends her schoolteacher, Miss Honey. She soon realizes Matilda's talents, but is later amazed to see the full extent of Matilda's powers. I think that Matilda is the most colorful character in the movie. Matilda is very independent for her age, due to her parents’ irresponsibility, and she manages to keep her head up and not let her parents put her down. The young actress, Mara Wilson, does a great performance with her interpretation of Matilda. I believe that she makes the character come to life. Matilda’s family is the kind of family you’d never wish to have. Her father, Harry, and mother, Zinnia, are both conceited and don’t care about anyone but themselves, except Michael of course, their son and Matilda’s older brother. He is a spoilt brat who’s mean to Matilda and who likes to cause trouble. Miss Trunchbull is the vicious principal who hates the pupils in the school; especially Matilda after Harry sold a car to Miss Trunchbull and she discovered it’s not in good condition. Miss Honey, Matilda’s teacher, must be the most wonderful person in the whole movie. She’s one of those teachers you’d be really lucky to have and she’s a complete opposite to Miss Trunchbull. The special effects in the movie contain flying objects. Most of them are hard to see just how they are done, which in other productions can be quite obvious and might ruin the whole film. Personally, I like the movie. It is funny at some points where you can’t help but smile or laugh.

Perception and/or Reception of the Naked Child and Teenage Body in Art and the Media

Introduction and Research Question: The topic, which, we will research, is the perception and/or reception of the naked child and teenage body in art and the media. The hypothesis that we have concluded is that ‘children and teenagers posing nude for art or in the media is seen as the cause for over-sexualization in children and teenagers’. The naked body has been a topic of art and seen in the media as an ongoing issue. Child and teenage nudity has been featured in art from the 14th and 15th century, as well as in renaissance art, controversially through Bill Henson’s photography and in modern fashion shoots featuring teenage celebrities such as Miley Cyrus. This research proposal will aim to find the viewpoint of University students when shown images of teenage nudity in art and the media. This issue is an important research topic as opinions have varied in society about the impact and appropriateness of teenagers featuring in these public platforms and whether this is a cause of over-sexualisation. The effect of this issue will rely on the individual opinions in society of the definition of art. The main people being affected by this issue are the teenage population who have access to any media forms and art. The artists, such as Bill Henson are also affected as they are accused of producing inappropriate art even though they are trying to portray youth. This topic interests a large percentage of the population including teenagers, parents, media viewers and media producers. To carry out this research a focus group will be held involving undergraduate Mass Communications and Media students from Murdoch University. The opinions, beliefs and attitudes will be gathered concerning the chosen topic to then be able to compile a research report based on the findings of the focus group. Literature Review: Child and adolescent nudity has taken commonplace in art throughout history, from Renaissance paintings and sculptures to religious masterpieces. As time has gone on and technology has advanced these depictions of child and teen nudity have changed, and are often frowned upon in today’s society; today photographs, artworks and media of teenagers and children naked are often challenged as being sexualized or pornographic and nudity has become a highly controversial area with regards to children. For centuries naked children have been depicted in religious painting and scenes in the forms of cherubs, which are usually naked, posed winged toddlers. In the 14th and 15th centuries these biblical children were not seen as ‘real’ children but as symbolic religious representations of children, and this distinction was very clear. In these depictions, presenting children nude was usually seen as presenting them in the form that God had made them and was done to highlight their purity. But with the development of realism and photography this line has now become blurred. Due to the realism of photography it has lead people to believe that it is ‘real’, and as a result there is confusion between iconic symbolic children, and the general child. Gittins 1998, 119) During the Italian Renaissance era nude boys were often featured in paintings, especially in those with biblical themes. However, centuries later many artists began to depict paintings of nude children that carried no religious reference or context. For instance, Henry Scott Tuke painted nude adolescent boys doing everyday activities and although these paintings were not overly erotic and showed no genitalia they were a step away from the traditional biblical naked children. Johnson 2005, 102-104) Just a century after Tuke started depicting nude children in everyday activities professional photographers presented photographic exhibitions and books of posed naked children and adolescents. When Bill Henson’s exhibition opened on the 22nd of May 2008 many articles were written expressing the controversy and public opinions of the featured child nudity. An article written by David L. Isaacs and Thomas G. Isaacs titled â€Å"Is child nudity in art ever pornographic† was published in the Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. This article discusses the important debate on censorship, which followed Bill Henson’s exhibition. This debate between the two authors resulted in the view that censorship laws regarding the depiction of children in art are needed to stop the exploitation of children. Yet a strong belief was evident that censorship is not needed to protect the public from being corrupted by viewing pornographic material. The knowledge and opinions of a pediatrician enables a professional opinion, which reflects the concern for childrens wellbeing. The opinion of a Fine Arts Honours graduate provides the knowledge of what art is and what role it plays within society. The focus group planned will effectively explore University students views on censorship. This literature provides an interesting debate, which our focus group will aim to further with a sample of students to give a broader opinion than what is present in this journal article. The month following Bill Henson’s controversial exhibition, June 2008, an Australian Government Standing Committee on Environment, Communications and the Arts released a report titled Sexualisation of Children in the Contemporary Media. This Government document stated that the inappropriate sexualisation of children in Australia is an increasing concern. It acknowledged the complexity of defining clear boundaries and accepted that it is a significant cultural challenge. The research planned by our team will respond to the lack of research, which was acknowledge in the Government report, on the effect of child sexualisation in the Media by providing a current viewpoint of University students. University students will be able to express the viewpoints, which for ethical reasons cannot be acquired from minors. Since 2008 many photos of Miley Cyrus some intended and some not have surfaced on the Internet. Numerous articles of the Disney star who plays â€Å"Hanna Montanna† have appeared. In the June issue of Vanity Fair 2008 a photo of Miley topless, clutching a silk bed sheet to her chest, with only her bare back exposed featured. Factors of these photos lead to controversy, even though it was an artistic piece and she was predominately covered. The article titled â€Å"Miley Cyrus’ embarrassing photo shoot† written by Courtney Hazlett discusses how It didn’t take long for Miley Cyrus fans (and their parents) to become outraged over racy photos of the 15-year-old that appear in the June issue of Vanity Fair. â€Å" Miley has commented in the article produced by the MSN Entertainment that â€Å"I took part in a photo shoot that was supposed to be ‘artistic' and now, seeing the photographs and reading the story, I feel so embarrassed†¦ I never intended for any of this to happen and I apologize to my fans who I care so deeply about. â€Å" There has been an increase with teenagers taking part in these â€Å"artistic† photo shoots but is it really art? Many reviewers argue that this is not, and that the teenagers are being taken advantage of by their parents making these decisions for them. Also stating that later on in life these photos could have a bad effect them. Psychologists are saying that it may bring on the over sexualisation of teenagers, by not giving them the opportunity to go through their teenage years naturally and mature with age not acting older than they are with sexual expectations that they are not ready for. (American Psychological Association). With the availability of the internet other personal photos of Miley were released where she is showing her green bra and also her stomach is out as she is wearing a midriff laying on a boy does this have a link to the Vanity Fair shoot and is it a result of the medias pressure taking a toll on her personal life as her parents where not happy with the nude shot. In Disney’s release of its own statement about the Vanity Fair story, the Disney Channel, which broadcasts Cyrus's series Hannah Montana, said: â€Å"Unfortunately, as the article suggests, a situation was created to deliberately manipulate a 15-year-old in order to sell magazines. However in the Vanity Fair issue â€Å"Miley knows best† Miley comments that the pose was Annie Leibovitz’s idea. The topless but demure portrait accompanying this article could be seen as another baby step, toward a more mature profile. â€Å"I think it’s really artsy,† Cyrus says. â€Å"It wasn’t in a s kanky way. And you can’t say no to Annie. She’s so cute. She gets this puppy-dog look and you’re like, O. K. † Leibowitz has chimed in, too, saying that it was never her intent to portray Cyrus in any negative light. â€Å"I’m sorry that my portrait of Miley has been misinterpreted,† Leibovitz said in a statement released by Vanity Fair. The photograph is a simple, classic portrait, shot with very little makeup, and I think it is very beautiful. † (â€Å"Miley Cyrus’ embarrassing photo shoot† The Scoop 2008) Research Method: The research method of focus group interviewing has been assigned. This method entails qualitative research. The aim is to find out the opinions and attitudes of the interviewees, who are selected as a purposive sample of the target market. The focus group interviewees are lead with open-ended questions that will be asked through out the discussion. A focus group includes a role of a moderator and a researcher. The moderator conducts the focus group serving as discussion leader to the other members. The moderator is briefed by the researcher and provided with a moderators â€Å"discussion guide. † The role of the researcher involves many preparatory and other activities including, obtaining ethics and clearance of the project, finding suitable group members, they deal with all booking and hiring of the venues and moderator, they tape all audio/ visual recordings, analysis the data and prepare the summary report of findings. This process of interviewing and gathering research is a valuable way of collecting data, because it is a direct way of finding answers to specific questions, which may not be obtainable through other research methods. A structured interview is especially good when discussing controversial sensitive issues, such as the issue we are focusing on in our research question. From our group interview we are hoping to gain information and people’s views of teenage and child representation in art and the media today, and whether they think children are being sexualized or it is the natural and reasonable extension of art. Each person in our group focused on a specific area of our research question. Chelsea looked at the history of naked children and teens in art and the media. Millie focused on nudity and the sexualisation of children and teenagers in art today, using bill Henson as an example. Whilst Deanna looked at the sexualisation of teenagers in today’s media, focusing on the Miley Cyrus vogue photo shoot. Focus Group Draft Questions: Has society’s view on nudity drastically changed in the last century? Do you think one of the major reasons for these different views are the advances in technology eg mass communication, photography) Is society as a whole more sexualized than it was several centuries ago? Do you think Renaissance art was completely asexual as critics say it is, or do you think that perhaps even then there was a sexual element to the depiction of naked children? Is there any context in which you believe it is appropriate today to depict naked children? What do you define as being art? What do you define as being pornographic material? Showing a Bill Henson photograph of a young nude girl) In your personal reaction do you consider this photograph to be artistic or pornographic? And why? Do you believe parental consent should allow 12-13 year old to participate in nude photography? Do you believe that the children in these photographs will be affected by this experience in the future? Why or why not? Do you think that this photo of Miley is provocative or artistic? As Mi ley Cyrus is a child role model/ celebrity do you think it is a good idea for photos like this to be taking or do you think it sets a bad example for the younger children that admire her so much? When this photo shoot was taken Miley was 15 years of age do you think this photo is age appropriate for her? Do you think that the media has placed pressure on Miley to produce a photo like this at her age? When looking at this photo what age do you think Miley looks and what do you feel that the photo is portraying? References: American Psychological Association, Report of the APA Task Force. Sexualization of Girls, 2007 (accessed August 28, 2010) D, Isaacs, T, Isaacs. 2010. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. Is child nudity in art ever pornographic? Blackwell Publishing Inc. www. scopus. com. prospero. murdoch. edu. au (accessed August 28, 2010) Grittins, Diana. 1998. The Child in Question. London: Macmillan Press LTD Johnson, Geraldine A. 2005. Renaissance Art: A Very Short Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press Standing Committee on Environment, Communications and the Arts. Sexualisation of children in the contemporary media, Commonwealth of Australia 2008 published June 2008. (accessed August 28, 2010) Annotated Bibliography: American Psychological Association, Report of the APA Task Force. Sexualization of Girls, 2007 This report was written by a task force which was created in the response to journalists, child advocacy organisations, parents and psychologists who have argued that the sexualisation of girls is a broad issue in society and that it is an increasing problem which harms girls. This report gave an overview of psychological theory to assist in the understanding of the psychological harms of the over sexualisation of young girls and teenagers. It defines sexualisation and gives examples of it appearing in society. D, Isaacs, T, Isaacs. 2010. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. Is child nudity in art ever pornographic? Blackwell Publishing Inc. www. scopus. com. prospero. murdoch. edu. au This article written by David L. Isaacs and Thomas G. Isaacs titled â€Å"Is child nudity in art ever pornographic† was published in the Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. This article discusses the important debate on censorship, which followed Bill Henson’s exhibition. This debate between the two authors resulted in the view that censorship laws regarding the depiction of children in art are needed to stop the exploitation of children. Yet a strong belief was evident that censorship is not needed to protect the public from being corrupted by viewing pornographic material. Grittins, Diana. 1998. The Child in Question. London: Macmillan Press LTD This Book Focuses on children and their place in the past and in today’s society. The book focuses on the innocence of children and how that innocence has changed over time. It also explores the rights that adults hold over children and other theories that society has of children. Johnson, Geraldine A. 2005. Renaissance Art: A Very Short Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press This Book focuses on Renaissance art and the part it played in European art. It does focus on particular areas of Renaissance art such as the techniques used and how stories were told through the art. The book draws on many famous Renaissance artists such as Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci. Standing Committee on Environment, Communications and the Arts. Sexualisation of children in the contemporary media, Commonwealth of Australia 2008 published June 2008. The Australian Government Standing Committee on Environment, Communications and the Arts developed this report, titled Sexualisation of Children in the Contemporary Media. The report acknowledged the issue of the sexualisation of children in the media and the complexities of defining clear boundaries. This report has enabled us to acquire a Government perspective on the issue. The research carried out in this report outlined professional opinions of psychologists, pediatricians as well as the viewpoint of Australian parents.

Situation Analysis/Target Market Identification Report for Ford Falcon Ute

10850 Marketing 100 Sem 1 2013 SA/TM ID Report Cover Sheet Name______adf_____Sally Student____________sfaf_______________ Student Number___012545654__ 12345678_______________________sf_________ Tutor’s Name__sfaf_____ Tina Tutor _____________fasdfdf________ Tutorial Day________Wednesday_______adfdf___________________________ Tutorial Time:______10am – 11. 0am_______________________asdfdsf____ Student Comments to Lecturer/Tutor (if any)________adff_____________________ _________________________________________________________________ ____________________________adfsdfsadf_____________________________________ Please read the following and electronically sign where indicated: Declaration: I declare the attached assignment is my own work and has not been previously submitted for assessment. This work complies with Curtin university rules concerning plagiarism and copyright. (Refer to www. policies. curtin. edu. u/documents/unit_outlines-plagiarism_state. doc for copyright a nd plagiarism information. I have retained a copy of this assignment for my own records. Electronic Signature of student:____adfsdf__Sally Student_______asdfsdfsdf_________ Recorded Mark:____________________________________________________ Lecturer/Tutor who marked: __________________________________________ CRICOS (Perth – 00301J) (Sydney – 02637B) TABLE OF CONTENTS Situation Analysis/Target Market Identification Report for Ford Falcon Ute. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 1. Situation Analysis/Current Marketing Mix †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 1. 1 1. 2 1. 3 1. 4 Current Product †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 Current Price†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 Current Place†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Current Promotion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 2. 0 Segmentation Theory†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 2. 1 2. 2 2. 3 3. 0 4. 0 Define segmentation (using more than just the textbook’s definition) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 Explain segmentation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Three benefits to Ford Falcon Ute from using segmentation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 Target Market Characteristics/Images/Rationale Table†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 Reference List†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 16 Appendix Page 2 of 18 Situation Analysis/Target Market Identifi cation Report for Ford Falcon Ute. 1. 0 Situation Analysis/Current Marketing Mix . 1 Current Product Ford Falcon Utes (FFU) are eye-catching utility vehicles that are available in several bright colours. The facade of the vehicles is sleek and sporty with flashy rims which promises power and the back of the FFU is like a truck. The FFU is unique and will allow use for both work and play. The car would appeal to masculine audiences who find use in a utility vehicle. The distinctive aspect of the product is the ‘Ford’ emblem which is oval and dark blue with silver outline and inner ring with the brand ‘Ford’ in cursive font.The emblem is recognizable worldwide. The basic benefit that customers get when purchasing a FFU is transportation. But, the FFU offers more; the car serves as an icon and an Aussie bloke’s style accessory (McDowall 2012). Not only useful for work, the vehicle is multi-purpose as it allows them to be a romantic when it is fitted-out with an old mattress for star gazing (McDowall 2012). Also, the consumer may head to the beach with mates for some fun and throw a ‘barbie’ with some beer and prawns in the back (McDowall 2012).The extra services that customers can get from the purchase of this vehicle are excellent long-term customer service and dealer warranty services for the car. Customers may also visit the website to understand the company and the vehicle more. In addition to that, extra accessories for the FFU are available for customers to purchase. For example, car insurance, GPS, rubber floor mats, tow bars, mudspats and many more (Ford 2012). Customers may also be gifted with Ford merchandises for example, caps, umbrellas, key chains or mugs when they purchase the vehicle. The FFU comes in many makes and models.There six different models of the FFU that customers can choose from. Customers can choose between auto or manual transmissions, and customize down to what colour and trimming to pref erence and specification. Being able to customize and personalize the FFUs is a big selling point for customers, as they will feel that their vehicle is unique and one of a kind. Potential buyers will spend a significant amount of time looking for the product as it is a big investment. They will begin with information search, consulting relatives and friends, salespersons, do online research and read testimonial from real customers on forums and blogs.If customers cannot find the FFU, or if the wait is too long for the vehicle to be delivered, they might accept a substitute. There are many competitors with similar products in the market, for example the Holden Ute, Nissan Ute, Mazda Ute and many more. On the other hand, when a customer has had their heart set on a product which they had spent so much time researching on, they might prefer to wait, especially since it would be a significant investment. The FFU has been in the market since 1961 (Hammerton 2012). Ford produces all type s of vehicles which range from cars, sports utility vehicles, commercial and performance.The FFUs are known to be fast, reliable and durable. The FFU is different to competitors because of the stylish design and the reputable brand name that has been in the market for more than 50 years. Page 3 of 18 1. 2 Current Price The FFU exists in a monopolistic competitive environment. It is the market where lots of sellers exists to offer similar products and sellers have to differentiate themselves using branding, quality and features of the product (Martin 2012). Sellers also use prices to differentiate themselves from the competitor. Price makes an impact to the demand of vehicles as the FFU cost a significant amount.If a FFU costs A$40,000 and if the price of the FFU decreases by 10%, it will be a discount of A$4,000, which makes it a very good deal where demand will most likely increase. On the other hand, if the price of the FFU increases by 10% it will mean that buyers will now have t o pay A$44,000 for exactly the same vehicle, then demand will most likely decrease. Customers will begin searching for another option with better value to purchase as there are many similar vehicles in the market. The business costs are very important when determining the price of the FFU.This is because every cost that is going into the production, advertising and distribution of the car is passed on to the customers. Sellers will have to search for the most effective and efficient option of producing the vehicle parts, and assembling the cars. Some of the sellers’ decisions which will affect the prices of the vehicles are, costs of having the vehicles assembled in countries the vehicles are sold at compared to the shipping costs of assembled vehicles to be sold internationally. Shipping costs are expenses that must be considered when setting the price of the FFU.Labour costs play a significant part as the vehicle has to be produced from raw material up until to the sale of the product. Some considerations to reduce the costs may be to employ intermediary agents to assist with other operations that may require some specialty expert knowledge. The price of the FFU is in the middle range amongst its competitors. Current price of a basic FFU compare to competitors are as listed in the table below; Ford Falcon Ute Holden Ute Mazda Ute Volkswagen Ute From $41,595 (www. ford. com. au) From $38, 990 (www. holden. com. au) From $28,560 (www. mazda. com. au) From $43,990 (www. volkswagen-amarok. om. au) Buyers of the FFU will base purchase on the image of the product (please refer to section 3 for a detailed explanation of the target market). The buyers are looking for a product that is distinctive and unique and a durable vehicle. The vehicle will be used to travel extensively on an everyday basis for both work and leisure. Hence, the vehicle buyers choose to purchase will have to be able to withstand the weather, terrains, and wear. Price is not so much an is sue, however when compared alongside other similar vehicles (as started in the table above), the FFU seems to be selling on the more pricey side.Therefore, if the buyers are budget sensitive, they may decide to weigh in other brands and test-drive the other brands of Utes that are more budget friendly. Page 4 of 18 1. 3 Current Place The FFU uses intermediaries in their business. The use of intermediaries in businesses ensures the effectiveness and efficiency on how the business is run. It also reduces costs and increases competency of a business. Therefore, customers are not able to buy the product directly from the Ford factory. There are many places aside the factory that customers can purchase FFU from.Ford is an international brand and the company strives to ensure that customers can find their products easily. Locations that customers can purchase the FFU are official dealerships, private sellers, franchised dealers and private car yards. The most obvious location customers ca n purchase the FFU is from a Ford dealership that is available worldwide. Customers may search on the Ford official site for a dealer location closest to them. The vehicles are also available for purchase from a licensed dealer for example, John Hughes, AHG and many more.Customers may also choose to purchase the FFU second hand from a third party; for example a previous owner (a private sale), a licenses private car yard, or even a franchised car dealer. Customers may search for car listing information in the classified section of the newspapers or on though the internet. Major newspapers like The West Australian and free communities newspapers like the Canning Times or Freemantel Gazette will have these listings and information similar to free online advertisement pages like www. carsales. com. au or www. gumtree. com. au and many more.The characteristic of the FFU that influences its distribution is the, size, rules and regulation of export countries, durability and demand. A vehi cle is a huge product to ship and transport internationally, hence as stated above in Section 1. 2 of the report, Ford may have partnerships in various locations to produce parts of the cars and have the parts shipped to be assembled in different locations to save costs. However, if the costs are too high and it is not viable to produce or ship a car in certain countries, then Ford might decide not to distribute to that particular country.Affecting distribution decisions are also the taxes and regulations of imported cars in certain countries. In Malaysia, the government aims to protect their local car brands and had imposed exorbitant tax prices on imported cars. In this instance, it may reduce Ford’s affluence in the Malaysian market and definitely reduce sales. Hence it is important for Ford to conduct extensive research and consider if distributing their products to certain countries will be profitable. A positive aspect of distribution of vehicles is that they have no us e by date. There is no shelf-life and a car is a machine that will still work after 6 months.The only downside is to consider the year the car was made as cars lose their value from the date it has been produced. The longer it has been sitting in the show room or the store, or has been driven (odometer has a reading) the least value the car has. Hence, Ford has to extrapolate and forecast the production and distribution amount. Similar to demand, Ford will have to conduct a market research and consider whether customers will use the FFU in their country, or region. For example in states like Western Australia, the need for Utes is high as there are plenty of off roads terrains and plenty of development and mining sites.On the other hand, the demand for Utes may differ significantly in Victoria where it is more developed and there is less need for a utility vehicle. Page 5 of 18 1. 4 Current Promotion The first promotional ad for the FFU was a television ad (available through this li nk: http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=AUbgfWTptoU (YouTube 2000). The ad was aired on national television in the year 2000. It features the FFU racing a modified jet-look alike race car on a flat but rocky terrain. In the ad, as the FFU drive past the jet race-car, the passenger of the FFU made a cheeky remark, â€Å"must be stuck in third†.Then driver decides to accelerate, and the FFU speeds ahead of the jet race-car leaving the jet race-car driver with an amazed look on his face. Then there is a voiceover, mentioning â€Å"The XR8 Falcon Ute, It’s Unbelievable† and the ad moves to the next screen which shows steel bars coming together with the words, ‘Built Tough’ and the Ford logo in the middle of the screen. The next ad, is one of the few from a series of ad. It is a series of ad using the humour appeal which is found on the myFord website (myFord 2012) (refer to appendix for the ad). The ad shows a FFU parked at the top of a cliff, overlooking the beautiful scenery at sunset.A lady sits by the car with her picnic mat and basket and her partner is in the car. They are watching the sunset together, while holding hands (with his hand out of the window and she reaching out for him on the mat from the grass). The caption at the bottom of the ad is â€Å"You’ll never want to get out of the all new Falcon Ute†. Other series of these ads include a guy barbequing from the window of his car on the beach, a couple getting married in a garden with the bride holding the groom’s hand from the car and a lady sun bathing at the beach while the only visible thing about her partner’s hand, holding a bottle of beer from the car window.The TV ad and the website ad are not sending the same message. This could be because these ads are for a slightly different product; they are for the ‘upgraded’ versions of the originals. Hence, Ford wants to send a different message to the buyers that they have identi fied as their target audience and their needs at that particular point in time. For the TV ad, the general message of the TV ad is that the FFU is built for speed and for the web ad, is that the FFU is built for comfort. The theme in the first ad is comparison and demonstration while the theme for the second ad is humor.For the first ad, the business is trying to rule out any misconception of a utility vehicle being slow. Hence, they compared the FFU to a speed of jet race car, and showing (but not exactly proving) that the FFU in fact can be faster than a jet race car. For the web ad, the Ford used humor to show how the FFU, being a utility vehicle can be used on all terrains (mountain, beach, garden) and at the same time it is still very comfortable (that the driver will not want to leave the car for any reasons).At a glance, the messages and the themes of the ads are different but there exists an inherent common goal for both the ad, which is, â€Å"it is built tough, spacious, just for male young adults who like fast, durable, comfortable cars. † Ford wants to attract the masculine audience that has a need for utility vehicles. Ford focuses on promoting to the audience that they do not need to compromise utility for speed and style. The fact that the vehicle is so versatile is a plus point. Page 6 of 18 2. Segmentation Theory 2. 1 Define segmentation (using more than just the textbook’s definition) According to Lamb et al. (2009, 29) segmentation is when marketers diversify their products to attract different groups of customers. Elliott, Rundle-Thiele and Waller (2010, 188) states that the group characteristics that customers are divided into are called segmentation variables. These segment variables include things customers have in common that may be attributed towards their buying behaviours.This segmentation variable influences the decisions for the Ford and how they position and place their product in the market. There are four broad seg ment variables; these are Geographic, Demographic, Psychographic and Behavioural (Kotler et al. 2008, 229). Geographic segmentations are customers’ characteristics of the locations they live; like, climate, local population, topography and if is an urban, suburban or a rural 2. 2 Explain segmentation For example, for the purpose of this assignment the FFU marketers will target customers living in Western Australia.The demographic characteristics are the customers’ age, sex, ethnicity, income and household composition. The FFU will be targeted towards males that are approximately age 26 to 37. The psychographic segmentation characteristics include personality attributes and motives, lifestyles, their VALS characteristics and their Roy Morgan values. FFU will focus their efforts on advertising a segment that will be most lucrative which will be young male adults who have an active lifestyle and that requires a durable vehicle for work and leisure.The behavioural characte ristics includes how often customers purchase, how loyal they are to the brand and others. 2. 3 Three benefits to Ford Falcon Ute from using segmentation †¢ Targeted, effective advertising – The Ford marketers can create advertising campaigns that are focused and targeted towards the segments in the market that they want to sell to. Targeted advertising is effective as potential buyer will find the message of the advertising relevant to them. For example, if the ad were to show a 60 year old man as the spokesperson for a Ute the ad may be ineffective. Save money on advertising – If Ford produced which is targeted to appeal to a particular segment; they can also set the image of the product. This will also increase efficiency as there will be less wastage of valuable time, effort and advertising funds. It is better to produce one ad that is focused where the target audiences will understand and be able to relate to rather than 10 ads that have little relevance to t he market and will more likely cause confusion. †¢ Easier to monitor changes in a segment than a whole market – If Ford place a team to focus on the arget market of the FFU, they will be able to foresee and predict to market changes that are specific to the segments. The car industry and the society’s choices are deeply impacted by both macro-environmental and micro-environmental forces. For example, if the targeted market is expected to be impacted by the bad economic conditions to come and sales of the FFU is predicted to fall, FFU can react to it in a timely manner by producing budget versions of the FFU to attract the segment during the bad times. Page 7 of 18 3. 0 Target Market Characteristics/Images/Rationale TableColumn 3. 1: SPECIFIC Characteristics of your assigned brand’s primary target market AND explanation of why they are relevant to your product. 3. 1. 1 Column 3. 2: Image that illustrates characteristic given in Column 3. 1 (Insert pictures b elow)v 3. 2. 1 Column 3. 3: Explain how the image provided in Column 3. 2 illustrates the characteristic provided in Column 3. 1. 3. 3. 1 G E O G R A P H I C SPECIFIC Characteristics Country: The Target Market has to be located in the country where the unit is being taken. Hence, the Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute lives in Australia.Explanation of why According to MUARC, TAC, VicRoads and RACV*, when choosing large cars, Australians like Ford as they are perceived to having the have the safest large cars (Michelle Ainsworth 2011). The Australian flag in the shape of the Australian continent represents the geographic location of the Target Market. * MUARC – Monash University Accident Research Centre, TAC – Transport Accident Commission, RAVC – Royal Automobile Club of Victoria. SPECIFIC Characteristics Climate: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute lives in places that experience all types of climatic conditions.Explanation of why The Target Market wil l find the Ute reliable in all types of harsh weather. As mentioned in the Australian Bureau of Statistics, â€Å"Australia experiences many of nature’s more extreme phenomena; including droughts, floods, tropical cyclones, severe storms, bushfires, and the occasional tornado† (ABS 2009). The image depicts that Australia goes through a four season weather change. Page 8 of 18 SPECIFIC Characteristics Topography: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute is located in Western Australia Explanation of why Western Australia is mostly made up of the deserts and outback.As quoted from the Australia Bureau of Statistics, â€Å"Australia is the second driest continent in the world and has the largest desert region in the southern hemisphere. More than a third of the continent is effectively desert; over two thirds of the continent is classified as arid or semi-arid. † The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute will find it particularly suitable on the rough terrain. SPE CIFIC Characteristics Urban: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute lives in or near major metropolitan centers. Explanation of why There is easy access to services, food, entertainment and provides many choices when it comes to buying a vehicle.The convenience factor of living near the city is worth paying more for which may be an indicator that the Target Market would be willing to pay a premium price. The Pinnacles desert is a popular symbol of Western Australia. G E O G R A P H I C This picture of the Central Business District depicts that the targeted segment lives in the vicinity of the city. Page 9 of 18 Column 3. 1: SPECIFIC Characteristics of your assigned brand’s primary target market AND explanation of why they are relevant to your product. 3. 1. 2 Column 3. 2: Image that illustrates characteristic given in Column 3. 1 (Insert pictures below)v 3. . 2 Column 3. 3: Explain how the image provided in Column 3. 2 illustrates the characteristic provided in Column 3. 1 . 3. 3. 2 SPECIFIC Characteristics Sex and Age: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute is a male between 21 and 35 years old. D E M O G R A P H I C The image portrays a male in his late 20s’ enjoying a beer, ready to have fun. Explanation of why The target market has a full driver’s license and likes driving big cars with ‘power’. He is energetic and always on the move, therefore a vehicle that is tough, powerful and dependable like the Ford Falcon Ute will suit his needs.SPECIFIC Characteristics Job: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute has a blue collar job. Explanation of why He loves what he does as it allows him flexibility and he is not a ‘rules kind-ofguy’. He is spontaneous and hates routine. He likes the Ute as it enables him to transport his work supplies and still look good. This picture shows a guy happy with his job as a blue collar worker/tradie. Page 10 of 18 SPECIFIC Characteristics Household composition: The Target Mar ket for the Ford Falcon Ute is a young adult who is most likely in stage 1, young singles (bachelorhood) of the Family Life Cycle.Explanation of why He has just gained his financial independence, has no commitments and has all his disposable income to spend. Now, he is in control and he can make his own decisions on what to purchase. He chooses the Ute, because it makes him look good to the ladies. The picture demonstrates the target market’s family life cycle stage. Being an eligible bachelor, he is very popular among the ladies. D E M O G R A P H I C ME! SPECIFIC Characteristics Income: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute makes a sizeable salary between $75K and $100K per year and spends it all.Explanation of why He has no financial commitments and does not have a reason to save, yet. He purchases the Ute, which symbolizes his masculinity and spending power. Financial independence accompanies the bachelorhood stage. The picture shows that he has his own sizable income now. Page 11 of 18 Column 3. 1: SPECIFIC Characteristics of your assigned brand’s primary target market AND explanation of why they are relevant to your product. 3. 1. 3 Column 3. 2: Image that illustrates characteristic given in Column 3. 1 (Insert pictures below)v 3. 2. Column 3. 3: Explain how the image provided in Column 3. 2 illustrates the characteristic provided in Column 3. 1. 3. 3. 3 P S Y C H O G R A P H I C SPECIFIC Characteristics VALS: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute belongs to the VALS Group – Experiencers (The VALS Types 2006) Explanation of why He is motivated by self-expression and has a lot of energy; he loves trying new things and goes by the motto ‘No Fear’. The Ute is best suited for his lifestyle as it brings him to places no other cars can reach (rough terrains, mountains, sand)The picture portrays him and a buddy skydiving in the Avon Valley, Western Australia. SPECIFIC Characteristics Personality Attributes: The Target M arket for the Ford Falcon Ute loves hanging out with his mates and is socially aware. Explanation of why He has moved out of home and no longer has a curfew to abide by. He also does not need to rely on public transports or a taxi cabs to get him home after his weekly partying escapades. He owns his own car now, and he frequently offers his friends a ride on his Ute. He is proud to show it off and loves receiving compliments on his car.As depicted in the picture, he places importance in his social circles. He enjoys dinners, drinking and entertainment with his friends. He uses the Ute to take his friends home, when he is the designated driver. Page 12 of 18 P S Y C H O G R A P H I C SPECIFIC Characteristics Roy Morgan Value Segments: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute is in the ‘new and different’ segment. Their attraction to things which are new and innovative usually means that they are the first to adopt on new products and services, often just for the excitem ent of having a new toy – regardless of the cost. Roy Morgan Research 2012) Explanation of why The target market likes the Ford Falcon Ute because it is new to the market and boasts advance technology. It has the EcoLPi, Bluetooth mobile phone integration, and iPod integration (Ford 2012). As shown in the picture, the Ford Falcon target market is attracted to innovative products and new toys. SPECIFIC Characteristics Lifestyle: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute has a typical laid-back Australian lifestyle. Explanation of why What better way to transport ingredients for a good old ‘barbie’ and a slab of beer than in his Ute?Like all Aussie blokes, he LOVES his ‘barbie’ and hanging with his mates on a warm summers’ day, particularly when there is beer involved. The picture shows a typical Aussie barbeque menu: steaks and chicken wings. Missing in the picture is a can of beer. Page 13 of 18 Column 3. 1: SPECIFIC Characteristics of your as signed brand’s primary target market AND explanation of why they are relevant to your product. 3. 1. 4 Column 3. 2: Image that illustrates characteristic given in Column 3. 1 (Insert pictures below)v 3. 2. 4 Column 3. 3: Explain how the image provided in Column 3. 2 illustrates the characteristic provided in Column 3. . 3. 3. 4 SPECIFIC Characteristics Loyalty: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute is not brand loyal. B E H A V I O R A L The image depicts that the target market for the Ford Falcon Ute is not brand loyal. Explanation of why Being an Experiencer (The VALS Types 2006), he prefers new-to-the market and new technology than to limit himself to particular brands. He likes trying new brands and new things. He purchased the Ford Ute as some of his mates already own the Holden Ute. SPECIFIC Characteristics Benefit expectation: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute values the benefits of status, usability and low maintenance.Explanation of why The benefits sough t in the Ute are serving as symbols of his masculinity and status as well as transporting his work supplies. He needs for the vehicle to be durable and dependable. The picture shows how the target views himself. Customers purchase products consistent to their ideal self-image. The Ute is an extension of the symbol of his masculinity. Page 14 of 18 SPECIFIC Characteristics Price sensitivity: The target market is not worried about the price tags on his purchases. He feels that spending big bucks in exchange for style is worth it. B E H A V I O U R A LExplanation of why He prefers to spend on things that are classy and up market. He likes the Ford Falcon Ute because it looks stylish, even if it means spending more compared to the Holden Ute. This is a picture of the target market’s bachelor pad. He has a race car simulator with 3 flat screens, high end gym equipment and an elevated flat screen LED TV in the entertainment corner of his apartment. SPECIFIC Characteristics Volume u sage: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute has a high usage rate. Explanation of why The picture depicts that the usage rate of the Ute will be high.The Ute will be used to transport work supplies, fetch his mates to AFL games and drive through road-less terrains. The image depicts a dirty car which is used frequently. The target market possibly went off road for a job yesterday. Page 15 of 18 4. 0 Reference List ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics). 2006. Australian Deserts. Cat. no. 3101. 0. Canberra, A. C. T. : ABS. http://www. abs. gov. au/AUSSTATS/[email  protected] nsf/Lookup/1301. 0Feature+Article12006 ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics). 2009. The exceptional heatwave of January –February 2009 in south-eastern Australia.Cat. no. 3101. 0. Canberra, A. C. T. : ABS. http://www. abs. gov. au/AUSSTATS/[email  protected] nsf/Lookup/1301. 0Chapter1012009%E2% 80%9310 Ainsworth, Michelle. 2011. The Herald Sun: MUARC, TAC, VicRoads, RACV reveal Australia's safest us ed cars. Accessed July 28, http://www. heraldsun. com. au/news/muarc-tacvicroads-racv-reveal-reveal-australias-safest-used-cars/story-e6frf7jo-1226102225219 Carsales. 2012. Accessed March 12, www. carsales. com. au Elliott, Greg, Sharyn Rundle-Thiele, and David Waller. 2010. Marketing. 2nd ed. Milton, Queensland: John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.Ford Falcon XR8 Ute Advertisement. 2000. YouTube video, 0. 28. http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=AUbgfWTptoU Ford Feel the Difference. 2012. Ford. Accessed March 12, http://www. ford. com. au/servlet/Satellite? c=DFYPage=1248884753526=wrapper ite=FOA#overlay=1248916613837 Ford. 2012. Accessed March 10, www. ford. com. au Ford: Ford Falcon Ute Accessories. Ford. 2012. Accessed January 12, http://www. ford. com. au/commercial/falcon-ute/accessories/exterior Gumtree. 2012. Accessed March 12, www. gumtree. com. au Hammerton, Ron. 2012. Ford Falcon Ute goes five stars.Go Auto. http://www. goauto. com. au/mellor/mellor. nsf/story2/0B9A1FB567000AE1 CA257745 000048D7 Holden. 2012. Accessed March 10, www. holden. com. au Kotler, Adam and Denise Armstong. 2008. Principles of Marketing. 4th ed. Frenchs Forest, NSW: Peasons Education Australia. Lamb, Charles, Joseph Hair, Carl McDaniel, Jane Summers and Michael Gardiner 2009. Mktg. 1st Asia Pacific ed. China: Cengage Learning Australia Pty Limited. Page 16 of 18 Martin, Cathy. 2012. â€Å"Lecture 5: Chapter 6 Markets Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning. † PowerPoint lecture notes.

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Guy de Chauliac - Influential 14th-Century Physician This profile of Guy de Chauliac is part ofWhos Who in Medieval History   Guy de Chauliac was also known as: Guido de Cauliaco or Guigo de Cauliaco  (in Italian); also spelled  Guy de Chaulhac Guy de Chauliac was known for: Being one of the most influential physicians of the Middle Ages. Guy de Chauliac wrote an important work on surgery that would serve as the standard text for more than 300 years.   Occupations: PhysicianClericWriter Places of Residence and Influence: FranceItaly Important Dates: Born:  c. 1300Died:  July 25, 1368 About Guy de Chauliac: Born to a family of limited means in Auvergne, France, Guy was bright enough to be recognized for his intellect and was sponsored in his academic pursuits by the lords of Mercoeur. He began his studies at Toulouse, then moved on to the much-respected University of Montpellier, where he received his magister in medicina (masters degree in medicine) under the tutelage of Raymond de Moleriis in a program that required six years of study. Some time later Guy moved on to the oldest university in Europe, the University of Bologna, which had already built a reputation for its medical school. At Bologna he appears to have perfected his understanding of anatomy, and he may have learned from some of the best surgeons of the day, though he never identified them in his writing as he did his medical professors. Upon leaving Bologna, Guy spent some time in Paris before moving on to Lyons. In addition to his medical studies, Guy took holy orders, and in Lyons he became a canon at St. Just. He spent about a decade at Lyons practicing medicine before moving to Avignon, where the popes were residing at that time. Some time after May, 1342, Guy was appointed by Pope Clement VI as his private physician. He would attend the pontiff during the horrific Black Death that came to France in 1348, and though a third of the cardinals at Avignon would perish from the disease, Clement survived. Guy would later use his experience of surviving the plague and attending its victims in his writings. Guy spent the rest of his days in Avignon. He stayed on as physician for Clements successors, Innocent VI and Urban V, earning an appointment as a papal clerk. He also became acquainted with Petrarch. Guys position in Avignon afforded him unparalleled access to an extensive library of medical texts that were available nowhere else. He also had access to the most current scholarship being conducted in Europe, which he would incorporate into his own work. Guy de Chauliac died in Avignon on July 25, 1368. The Chirurgia magna of Guy de Chauliac The works of Guy de Chauliac are considered among the most influential medical texts of the Middle Ages. His most significant book is Inventarium seu collectorium in parte cyrurgicali medicine, called by later editors Chirurgia magna and sometimes referred to simply as Chirurgia. Completed in 1363, this inventory of surgical medicine pulled together medical knowledge from about a hundred earlier scholars, including ancient and Arabic sources, and cites their works more than 3,500 times.   In Chirurgia, Guy included a brief history of surgery and medicine and provided a discourse on what he thought every surgeon should know about diet, surgical implements, and how an operation should be conducted. He also discussed and evaluated his contemporaries, and related much of his theory to his own personal observations and history, which is how we know most of what we do about his life.   The work itself is divided into seven treatises: anatomy, apostemes (swellings and abscesses), wounds, ulcers, fractures, other diseases and the complements to surgery (the use of drugs, bloodletting, therapeutic cauterization, etc.). All in all, it covers nearly every condition a surgeon might be called upon to deal with. Guy emphasized the importance of medical treatment, including diet, drugs, and the application of substances, reserving surgery as a last resort.   Chirurgia magna contains a description of a narcotic inhalation to use as a soporific for patients undergoing surgery. Guys observations of the plague included an elucidation of two different manifestations of the disease, making him the first to distinguish between pneumonic and bubonic forms. Although he has sometimes been criticized for advocating too much interference with the natural progression of the healing of wounds, Guy de Chauliacs work was otherwise groundbreaking and extraordinarily progressive for its time. The Influence of Guy de Chauliac on Surgery Throughout the Middle Ages, the disciplines of medicine and surgery had evolved almost independently of one another. Physicians were regarded as serving the general health of the patient, tending to his diet and the illnesses of his internal systems. Surgeons were considered to deal with external matters, from amputating a limb to cutting hair. In the early 13th century, surgical literature began to emerge, as surgeons sought to emulate their medical colleagues and raise their profession to one of comparable esteem. Guy de Chauliacs Chirurgia was the first book on surgery to bring to bear a substantial medical background. He vehemently advocated that surgery should be founded on an understanding of anatomy for, unfortunately, many surgeons of the past had known next to nothing of the particulars of the human body and had merely applied their skills to the ailment in question as they saw fit, a practice that had earned them a reputation as butchers. For Guy, an extensive understanding of how the human body worked was far more important for the surgeon than manual skill or experience. As surgeons were beginning to come to this conclusion, as well, Chirurgia magna began to serve as a standard text on the subject. More and more, surgeons studied medicine before applying their arts, and the disciplines of medicine and surgery began to merge. By 1500, Chirurgia magna had been translated from its original Latin into English, Dutch, French, Hebrew, Italian and Provenà §al. It was still regarded as an authoritative source on surgery as late as the seventeenth century.   More Guy de Chauliac Resources: Guy de Chauliac in Print The links below will take you to a site where you can compare prices at booksellers across the web. More in-depth info about the book may be found by clicking on to the books page at one of the online merchants. The visit merchant link  will take you to an online bookstore, where you can find more information about the book to help you get it from your local library. This is provided as a convenience to you; neither Melissa Snell nor About is responsible for any purchases you make through these links. The Major Surgery of Guy de Chauliactranslated by Leonard D. RosenmanInventarium Sive Chirurgia Magna: Text(Studies in Ancient Medicine , No 14, Vol 1) (Latin Edition)edited and with an introduction by Michael R. McVaughVisit merchant Guy de Chauliac on the Web Chauliac, Guy DeExtensive entry from the  Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography includes a useful bibliography. Made available at Encyclopedia.com. Medieval Health Medicine   Chronological Index Geographical Index Index by Profession, Achievement, or Role in Society The text of this document is copyright  ©2014-2016 Melissa Snell. You may download or print this document for personal or school use, as long as the URL below is included. Permission is   not  granted to reproduce this document on another website. For publication permission,  please   contact  Melissa Snell.The URL for this document is:http://historymedren.about.com/od/gwho/fl/Guy-de-Chauliac.htm

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Military men - Essay Example He was responsible for guiding the military personnel responsible for bombing missions. However, he grew tired of the work and decided to quit. He had to think of a way out since the military regulations required that a military person have to provide enough information to support why he needs to quit. Yossarian decided to act like an insane person so that he would be sent to the hospital. Since insane people could not be fit to work as military personnel, he thought that it would be a great exit plan. Catch 22 has some very challenging clauses that force the military personnel from doing what they would want to do. In this case, Catch 22 forced Yossarian to act like a mad person in order to avoid being military personnel. However, he is given different kind of work of reading and censoring letters from military patients. It is very challenging for Yossarian to prove to the military that he is actually insane. This is because the word insane can mean different things to different peo ple. For example, being insane in the military context is different from being insane in the real civilian world. It can even be said that insanity in military is acceptable especially because of the way the military laws and regulations define it. However, the military law called catch 22 could not allow him to quit the military job since by knowing that he is insane was a proof that he was actually sane. Therefore, Yossarian decided to spend the rest of his life in the hospital.

BRAZILIAN CINEMA LAT AM 380 FINAL TAKE-HOME II Essay

BRAZILIAN CINEMA LAT AM 380 FINAL TAKE-HOME II - Essay Example Brazilian cinema prospect captured different livelihoods, beliefs and lifestyles of different groups of people, those that lived in cities or towns and those that lived in marginal areas with unfavorable conditions like the semi-arid areas where the early Portuguese first settled commonly referred to as sà ©rtao in Portuguese. Several influential renowned cinema film directors like Nelson Pereira dos Santos, Glauber Rocha, Andrucha Waddington, Jorge Furtado, Joà £o Tikomiroff, and Carlos Diegues Walter Salles amongst many others took the center stage in making these films with deeply embedded and well played out themes or motifs that clearly communicated message of importance. It is due to collective effort of these film productions developments in the 60s and 70s that led to the rise of a pro-modern movement â€Å"cinema novo†, new cinema (Rodriguez 109). that was very influential in addressing issues to do with social equality and intellectualism in Brazil as opposed to th e traditional cinema technique that were ineffective. The major themes captured by these films as portrayed in the two main settings, rural and urban, are the power in the Brazilian political landscape, religion and Brazilian popular culture. In the Brazilian context, power is closely associated with corruption in governments. The corruption in turn has led to socio-political and economical oppression to its citizens making the poor or the peasants much poorer while making the rich much wealthy creating a very big power gap between the two (Xavier 86). Power when misused is normally associated with the might or tyranny, and greed in any given society which are easily visible in the Brazilian societal and governmental structure where the rich oppress the poor because of the difference classes created and the powers that come attached. Power

Military men Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Military men - Essay Example He was responsible for guiding the military personnel responsible for bombing missions. However, he grew tired of the work and decided to quit. He had to think of a way out since the military regulations required that a military person have to provide enough information to support why he needs to quit. Yossarian decided to act like an insane person so that he would be sent to the hospital. Since insane people could not be fit to work as military personnel, he thought that it would be a great exit plan. Catch 22 has some very challenging clauses that force the military personnel from doing what they would want to do. In this case, Catch 22 forced Yossarian to act like a mad person in order to avoid being military personnel. However, he is given different kind of work of reading and censoring letters from military patients. It is very challenging for Yossarian to prove to the military that he is actually insane. This is because the word insane can mean different things to different peo ple. For example, being insane in the military context is different from being insane in the real civilian world. It can even be said that insanity in military is acceptable especially because of the way the military laws and regulations define it. However, the military law called catch 22 could not allow him to quit the military job since by knowing that he is insane was a proof that he was actually sane. Therefore, Yossarian decided to spend the rest of his life in the hospital.

The conventions of a soap Essay Example for Free

The conventions of a soap Essay To deal with the following issues : The conventions of a soap, the Genre, the target audiences, sound and editing as well as the camera objectives. After initial problems in setting up a group, a selection of four students including myself were grouped together. Deadlines were given and this made it even more constraining. The soap is intended to be targeted to a mainly black/white working class audience mainly but also to a middle class, but not equally proportional. Targeting also a 16 -30 age group though preferably to 16-18 as thats the student audience, but is viewable by all other age groups. The time slot chosen is 19:00 so that it doesnt rival with the other television channels soaps at 19:30, 20:00 and 20:30 respectively. Also at this time most working parents and students would have been back at home whether it be that they perform a 9-5 occupation or unskilled late laborious work. This prequel to the soap is not an easy showing. It has taken a lot of weeks to design the script alone, and to gather characters is still yet an ongoing process. The concept of the soap involves a teacher, a main student as a lead character and then other students are merely extras with exceptions to two other female students who will have a major role in the soap. My responsibility is to be a main actor as the Teacher and to ensure that the soap gets produced, thus I am a quality assurancer which means that the work produced is looked over by myself for quality and then passed onto Taio who happens to be the director to ensure that it is viewable and acceptable for evening time television viewing as well as creating the storyboard from the scripts. Natalie who works in the group is the main script writer whilst Eastern is the associate camera man as opposed to all of us sharing roles as the camera man from time to time. I myself tried to be the camera man for a two-day shooting scene. Unfortunately, it was not at all good. Learning from this mistake I just kept to my role as an actor and both supporting the group when there and looking/editing the work. The first stage in the production process is the creation of the script. This determines not only the dialogue of a piece, but lays down the basis of the soaps plot. In modern television before a soap episode goes into production it is probable that its script has gone through a series of treatments and re-writes. Once a script is completed it is given to a producer whos job is to realise the script. When devising a script, it has come to the attention that it will need a lot of re-writes and perhaps complete changes altogether. Each member of the group has something to co-ordinate with the group as a whole on. We all have individual roles, but due to the shortages in the group of members we all help one another, thus there is no set positions. When developing the soap opera a lot of research was conducted by the group where a discussion of the characters and their personality profiles was viewed. Gender and euthanasia research was amongst the top on the list of the discussions within the group. Age and race was important as it had to show the racial and age ration being portrayed in the college and also what would be socially acceptable. We did not want this to be similar in anyway to grange hill but a real life soap scene. As it had to define possible events that occur in real life with a thrill to keep its viewers hooked. All the characters will have different traits to their personality, one of which will posses traits similar to that of dumbo type person whilst another will be superficially intelligent. The teacher character will play an important role as our research concluded that the teacher would be prejudice to students who are not similar to his norms. The settings and social issues will take place within the Bromley College Facilities and the plot will cover a teacher having taught a class and replacing a previous teacher. Due to stress of his students and how the students support the teacher and how the teacher deals with bullying as an issue. As a girl/boy relationship broken up by a girl having a relationship with an elder man from outside the college and all round arguments and troubled issues relating studies. The characters are from 16-20 in age with exception to the teacher whose age will be mid 30s. Channel 5 does not currently have an active soap and it was the prime selection especially for its informality in presenting shows of interest. The technical aspects of this soap have yet to be performed, although all the roles have been established camera recording has not been fully completed and is still in the draft basis. Evaluation The purpose of this evaluation is to analyse the project of creating a soap and all the practical aspects into the development of such a production. This is after completion of the final practical production. There were many problems associated with the production as there many advantageous developments. To create this production took time and, unfortunately as I had entered the group quite late did not have a stable role as such. Members of my original group had left the college, and thus joined another g roup before that individual was on the verge of being asked to leave the course. Thereby, I progressed into another group, which is currently the group now. However they had started to create the scenes and at the time of joining they had completed the script. Upon joining the group, it was already decided that Taio was the director, Natalie was the scriptwriter and co-director whiles Chris was the editor and Easten was the producer and cameraman. I started to assist as the cameraman, however, unfortunately it seems that it did not work out well. I was zooming too much into the picture frame similar to zooming pan shots in the movies. Although I did not get to see the footage I had taken, the group members informed me that it was bad. I was however still eager to help the group and although they had a different timetable to mine, I still came through. There were more problems as due to the class times of different lessons, not everyone from the team was available to assist in the filming. However, I made myself available or offered to help in all instances of their filming. On some instances, my help was not required as they had enough people to do it. I centred on my acting instead for the group and my role as the teacher. These were actually sub-categorised into two main scenes but were divided into at least 5 or more sub scenes. One recollective event is when filming the corridor scene where Evans played the bullied student, the scene was performed after the 4th repeated time of filming. This was because, at one point security within the college thought that an actual pupil was being bullied, and that on another ocassion the class room scene, it needed to be re-recorded again and again as our postures were incorrect. Taio being the director corrected the problems as and when they occurred and ensured that it was completed. Equipment Used: VHS Cameras for film capture Video Suite for Editing DV to VHS and VHS to DV convertors Tripods Microphones Room Microphones Natural Lighting Zoom Lenses Characters References : Source Materials Soap Operas Unveiled Terrence and Higgins Information on how to create soaps Ins and Outs of Soap Operas J.L.Kenzo Scenes and Practical aspects of soaps Media 1 Stanley Thornes Text Book for Media AS Dyer, Richard et al. 1981: Coronation Street. London: BFI Geraghty, Christine [1991]: Women and Soap Opera. Cambridge Political Press Goodwin, Andrew and Gary Whannel [Eds] [1990]: Understanding TV. London: Routledge Kilborn, Richard [1992]: Television Soaps. London: Batsford Livingstone, Sonia [1990]: Making Sense of Television. Butterworth Heinemann The Media Donated by my teacher Sean Stammers Information on the Media www.brookside.com Official Soap site for Brookside entailing character information www.channel4.com Tallent Information on creating scripts and soaps www.channel5.com Channel where soap should be aired and tv guide listing http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Modules/TF33120/bucking1.html