Reality Shows: Their Effect on American Teens

Their Effect on American Teens Martha Wallace ENG 122: English Composition II Professor Kathy Conner August 8, 2011 The values of our forefathers for America have disappeared. Each year more and more of American children are Judging themselves based upon the lives portrayed in popular media. Certain media in the music industry portrays the life of getting rich fast and having a lot of girls. Movies depict a life of fast cars, many sexual partners, and dishonesty. The latest media that has become very popular in portraying negative values Is reality shows.Reality shows have replaced traditional family values wows such as: Happy Days, Seventh Heaven, The Cowboys Show, Family Matters, and Growing Pains. Today's family values are now being portrayed through shows like: Keeping up with the Sardinian, Teen Moms, The Real World, Jersey Shore, and all of the Real Housewives shows. Reality shows have changed the way American teens view family and the values of marriage, honesty, and respect. Today's teenagers view marriage as a commitment between two people who are in love. Once the love is gone, the marriage is over. On the other hand, some adults may think differently.Marriage is not Just the result from love between two people. There is much more to it. A successful marriage is like a good recipe whose main ingredients, besides love, are commitment, understanding, concern and loyalty. If you can include these qualities In your married life you can find happiness In your marriage. Yet, the future of the stability In American marriage Is slowly decaying. Adults and teens alike are viewing marriage In a different way. This view Is being persuaded by new television shows called Reality television. It Is a known fact the media plays an important part In how teens view themselves and others.Almost every person in the united States has excess to television and the younger generation is the ones who watch it the most (Cheeseboard, 2003, Para 4). Considering the average teen spends more time watching television than with their parents. The majority of them are also learning about the basic values of life, also from television. This bring about a serious concern of reality shows' effects on teens attitude, values, and behavior. The traditional family value of marriage is portrayed on reality shows as an option for couples who are living together.The reality show Keeping up with the Sardinian is a perfect example of his type of arrangement. One of the older sisters, Courtney, currently lives with her boyfriend and when approached by another slang asking her why she refuses to get married. Courtney replies, â€Å"I'm not sure If he Is really the one† (Bravo, 2011, Para 2). When her mother approaches her about the same thing, Courtney replies, â€Å"Mom, I'm lust not Into ten traditional things† (Bravo, 2011, Para According to David Opened, a Rutgers sociology professor and report co-author, â€Å"Cohabitation is here to stay.I don't think it is good news, especially for children†, he says, â€Å"As society shifts from arraign to co-habitation, which is what's happening, you have an increase in family instability' Canyons, 2005, Para 8). The reality shows that have married couples on it either end up in divorce, the wife shows no respect for her husband, or one spouse cheats on the other. These are the lessons reality shows are teaching American teens today. The broadcasting station, Bravo, has a series of shows titled, The Real Housewives of some very popular cities in America. One of those cities is Atlanta.This reality show is about six women who are married or were once married. The show aired for three years detailing the lives of women who were to represent the real lives of American married women living in Atlanta. Only one of the six was actually married and before the end of the three year series, she was filing for a divorce. Americans by the million were tuning in each week to watch the drama unfold. A ccording to Nelson Media Research, 4. 4 million viewers watched the shows season finale January 30, 2011 and 1. 3 million of those viewers were under the age of 18 (2011).What does this mean for the future of marriage? Many teenagers no longer look forward to their wedding day. In fact in a conversation with teenagers through a youth organization, Youth for Prevention, Action, and Change Through Thought (HAPPY), which aims to develop community leaders by teaching teens about social, racial, and health disparities in their neighborhoods, many of them do not see the need for marriage. One participant stated, â€Å"I'm not looking forward to marriage and I don't think we [people in general] should be married, because I see how other marriages ended up in my family and on television.It's always a disaster. When asked which television shows she mainly watches, she replied, â€Å"Reality shows, they ell you how life really is†, Cones, 2006, Para 2). As this ten's comments indicate , views about marriage are formed by what they see in their lives and in popular media. Shows such as â€Å"The Real World† and the media's focus on the latest celebrity break-up do not paint a perfect picture of marriage. It is a sign of the growing decline in the value of one of the greatest institutions developed in America. It is these factors that may explain why the U.S. Divorce rate approaches 40 percent. Marriage is not the only American value which seems to be affected by reality shows, honesty s another value among teenagers that is almost invisible and reality shows does not appear to make the view any clearer. There was a time when a man was held to his word and a handshake was the only deed required. Those days are long gone. No one can trust the other. Prenuptial are written before marriages, contracts are required between businesses, and even teenagers are signing contracts with parents.One reality show, Teen Moms, broadcasted a show which detailed a written co ntract between one teen and her parents. The purpose of the contract was to validate the parents' words to help their daughter financially after she gives birth to he child. Reality television shows and their effects on teenagers can depend on the desires and motives they see themselves in these stars and somehow these stars are living their lives through the show. Each reality show portrays and fulfills certain desires like powerful high class living, survival and outwitting others, beauty, revenge Ana amnesty.Many teenagers enjoy a certain sense AT pleasure Ana satisfaction when they watch these reality television shows and their effects are continuously mirrored in the way they interact with others, deal with various situations, and face certain challenges. According to the teens in HAPPY, the reality shows are entertaining Cones, 2006, Para 5). Yet, most of these shows are built upon other people's failures, sadness, frustrations, depressions, and other mental and physical handi caps. There are some reality shows that have a positive effect on ten's lives.Broadcasting station, FOX, had a show, Trading Spouses, where two families, usually of different social classes, swap wives or husbands for a week. Each family is awarded $50,000, with the stipulation that the guest mother decides how her host family must spend the money (Schneider ; Italian, 2004). The adults show how families can come together and grow. It gives hope to the value of family and honesty. Each participant is required to react normally and to come to an understanding on how to handle differences.The children are given an opportunity to express themselves and this usually results in their parents making some changes to include the opinions of their children. The parents come face to face with the honesty of some mishaps in their family and agree to make an honest effort to correcting them. These types of reality show effect teens in a positive way. For those men's that may not have been able to express their thoughts or opinions to their parents, the show gives them suggestions and allow them to see an honest possibility of the outcome.Most teenagers see their parents as difficult people to compromise with. This type of reality television shows the vulnerable side of parents and how they can make mistake too. Teens begin to see their parents as human and someone they can talk to. Honesty is rarely played out in reality shows, therefore our teens have a front row view of how to become a liar and deceive people. Some of these wows are so deceitful; it is hard to imagine someone would have agreed to be a participant.For example, â€Å"Joe Millionaire†, is a reality show where women compete to win the heart of a supposed millionaire. At the end, the women find out the â€Å"Joe Millionaire† is actually an â€Å"Average Joe† and have to decide if they want to stay with him. This show is probably one of the most dishonest reality shows and unethical of th em all. Teens and adults alike are shown ways to be dishonest and degrade the true meaning of finding love and honesty in an individual. Respect has great importance in everyday life.As children we are taught ,one hopes, to respect our parents, teachers, and elders, school rules and traffic laws, family and cultural traditions, other people's feelings and rights, our country's flag and leaders, the truth and people's differing opinions (Dillon, 2010, Para 1). If we are to live by this description of respect, then reality shows has gotten it wrong. A study called, â€Å"Kids These Days: What Americans Really Think About the Next Generation†, surveyed 2,000 adults who characterized teenagers and young children as â€Å"irresponsible†, â€Å"rude†, and â€Å"lazy' (Kids these days, 1997).Those words are scarcely new attitudes towards American's youth. The reality show, Keeping up with the Sardinian, portrays a family with two teenage daughters who are often rude t o their parents, constantly shows disrespect towards each other, and uses profanity towards their parents. This reality show is rated number one among teenagers in America. Yet this show, â€Å"Keeping up with the Sardinian†, shows very little respect towards the parents Trot any AT ten SIX centre Foul language Is town across ten room Trot ten teen daughters, young adult children, their boyfriends, and the parents.There is no respect for other people's feeling, rights or differing opinions. One particular episode, the teen daughters swore at her mother and told her dad she will make her own decision and didn't need his help. After consulting with his wife, they agreed to allow their 13 year old daughter to make her decision on a career move that would affect her for the rest of her life. This is not a good message to send to teenagers today. Raising one's voice and slamming doors is not the way to gain respect.Yet, reality shows often show teenagers acting this way and the re sults are often the arenas bending the rules to allow the teens to make their own decisions. Showing respect is the best way for anyone to receive respect. Everyone should have an opinion, be able to express them and feel good about that relationship. No one should feel pressured to do something Just because it seems like everyone else is doing it, or because someone else is trying to get you to do it. Yet that is precisely what most reality shows are doing. Teens are being pursued to make decisions and react to certain things according to celebrities on reality television.The reality show reduced by MAT, The Real World, gave American Teens a real look at honor and respect in it episode featuring Pedro Somoza. Pedro Somoza was a young man chosen to be one of the six young adults sharing a house in New York City, who Just happened to have AIDS. Pedro died of the disease and America tuned in the watch every episode as it unfolded on television. This series of The Real World, New York taught many people the truth about AIDS. The effect this show had on American teens open their eyes to respect other people, taught valuable lessons on safe sex, and gave AIDS a new found respect.Since the rising of these popular reality elevation shows, American teens have changed the way they view â€Å"entertainment†. This genre has influenced the way teenagers express themselves. Considering many of these shows are geared towards teens, they are the ones who are more susceptible to its various influences. With each passing year more and more of American children are Judging themselves based upon the lives portrayed in popular media. Certain media portrays the life of getting rich fast, having a lot of girls, a life of fast cars, many sexual partners, and dishonesty. There are not many good values portrayed in these reality shows.Yet, reality shows can give insight to teens about many different types of people and cultures. They can also prepare teenagers for the outcome o f bad choices people make about the values of marriage, honesty, and respect. The core role is to see what people reactions in certain scenarios are, and how they face these given situations. American teens can learn and apply these outcomes to their lives. They can learn about teamwork. They can become motivated in life to achieve their goals and can even chase a dream. References Dillon, S. (2010). Respect, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2010 Edition).

Business Entity Paper Essay

There are different forms of businesses and they al have their own purpose. Some are for individuals and others are for partners but they both have different forms. Depending on the size and type of business the owners decide how they are going to start it. Also the liability behind them and the type of ownership also depends on how they decide to go. A corporation is a juridical entity established under the corporation code and register with the Securities and Exchange Commission. It has to have a minimum of five persons and up to fifteen. The liability is limited for the shareholders and are only countable for the amount of capital invested. It is more difficult to create, manage and organize. Depending on how many shares an individual has that’s how the participation of them is assign. If an individual has not that many shares they will be left out with out any participation or word in the company actions and next moves. An example would be Apple and Microsoft. Individuals ask, â€Å"What are the benefits to commerce of having shareholders and other entities that shield their members, protected from personal liability?† There are many benefits to having shareholders, one of the main reasons why individuals decide to incorporate is the personal liability protection it has on its members. The law protects the shareholder’s personal property and the shareholder is only responsible for the value of the equity they have in the company. It also has tax advantages, some incorporated business are able to lower their tax rate by reducing the salaries paid to their owners. The CEOs of these companies are able to carry out their management skills with the support of the shareholders. The ability to transfer ownership is a great benefit because in case of a death or simply selling their shares can be done without having to finish the organization and starting a new one with new owners. Another question frequently asked is â€Å"Would commerce be better served if personal liability would attach to those individuals for the misdeeds of their entity?† There are individuals that would say yes, have their personal belongings attached to the corporation. The logic behind an insurance  company is to protect individuals from mistakes, either caused by others or individual mistakes. Having a corporation gives the opportunity to a group of individuals to carry out a business idea and to have the ability to prosper or to fail without loosing all their life savings and personal belongings. Individuals make mistakes and it is not fair to loose everything on the first try.

Lifes of Rizal in Hongkong and Macao Essay

Haunted by enemies and threatened by friars, Rizal was forced to leave Philippines for the second time. It was February 1888 then. Rizal at 27 was an embittered victim of human iniquities, a disillusioned dreamer, and a frustrated reformer. This was the start of Rizal’s second travel. On February 3, 1888, after six months of stay in Calamba, Rizal left Manila for Hong Kong on board the Zafiro. He was sad and sick during the crossing of the choppy China Sea. He did not get off the ship when it made a stopover at Amoy, because he was sick, it was raining and the city was dirty. He arrived in Hong Kong on February 8. In Hong Kong, Rizal stayed at Victoria Hotel. He was welcomed by the Filipino community in Hong Kong. During this time, a Spaniard, Jose Varanda, was shadowing Rizal’s movements in Hong Kong. It is believed that he was ordered to spy on Rizal. On February 18, Rizal accompanied by Basa, boarded the ferry steamer Kiu-Kiang for Macao. He was surprised to see a familiar figure among the passengers—Sainz de Varanda. Rizal described Macao as a small, low and gloomy. There are many junks, sampans, but few steamers, it looks sad and is almost dead-like. The two stayed in at the home of Don Juan Francisco Lecaros who was married to a Portuguese lady. During his two day stay in Macao, he visited the theater, casino, cathedral and churches, pagodas and botanical gardens and the bazaars. He also saw the famous Grotto of Camoens. In the evening of February 19, he witnessed a Catholic procession wherein the devotees were dressed in blue and purple dresses and were carrying unlighted candles. On February 20, Rizal and Basa returned to Hong Kong on board the ferry steamer Kiu-Kiang. A Landmark in Honor of Rizal’s Visit in Hong Kong Rizal stayed in Hong Kong for two weeks. There he studied the Chinese way of life, language, drama and customs. Rizal noticed some experiences and wrote them in his diary. Some of them include the noisy celebration of the Chinese New Year which lasted from February 11th to 13th. There were continuous explosion of firecrackers and he himself fired many at the window of his hotel. He also observed the boisterous Chinese theater, the marathon Lauriat party, which was the longest meal in the world; the Dominican Order was the richest religious order in Hong Kong, and the cemeteries. On February 22, 1888, Rizal left Hong Kong on board the Oceanic, an American steamer and his destination was Japan. Rizal did not like the meals on board but liked the ship because it was clean and efficiently managed. Chapter 11 In Hong Kong and Macao 1888 Hounded by powerful enemies, Rizal was forced to leave his country for a second time in February 1888. He was then a full- grown man of 27 years of age, a practicing physician, and a recognized man-of-letters. The first time he went aboard in June 1882, he was a mere lad of 21, a youthful student in search of wisdom in the Old World, a romantic idealist with beautiful dreams of emancipating his people from bondage by the magic power of his pen. Times had changed. Rizal at 27 was an embittered victim of human iniquities, a disillusioned dreamer, a flustrated reformer. The Trip to Hong Kong. On February 3, 1888, after a short stay of six months in his beloved Calamba, Rizal left Manila for Hong Kong on board the Zafiro. He was sick and sad during the crossing of the choppy China Sea. He did not get off his ship when it made brief stopover at Amoy on February 7. for three reasons: (1) he was not feeling well, (2) it was raining hard, and (3) he heard that the city was dirty. He arrived in Hong Kong on February 8. During his stay in Hong Kong, a British colony, Rizal wrote a letter to Blumentritt, dated February 16, 1888, expressing his bitterness. In Hong Kong, Rizal stayed at Victoria Hotel. He was welcomed by the Filipino residents, including Jose Maria Basa, Balbino Mauricio, and Manuel Yriarte, (son of Francisco Yriarte, alcalde mayor of Laguna). A Spaniard, Jose Sainz de Varanda, who was a former secretary of Governor General Terrero, shadowed Rizal’s movement in Hong Kong. It is believed that he was commissioned by the Spanish authorities to spy on Rizal. Hong Kong, wrote Rizal to Blumentritt on February 16, 1888, is a small, but very clean city. Many Portuguese, Hindus, English, Chinese, and Jews live in it. There are some Filipinos, the majority of whom being those who had been exiled to the Marianas Islands in 1872. They are poor, gentle, and timid. Formerly they were rich mechanics

Barnsieydale Sales-Related Data for 2004 and 2005 Report Research Paper

Barnsieydale Sales-Related Data for 2004 and 2005 Report - Research Paper Example There are various ways of adding and counting data (Microsoft Corporation 2006), the most appropriate are a simple addition and addition with one or more criteria. Subtotals by quarter for all persons are shown in the Sales Summary for 2005 in(000's) in Table 1. For example, Subtotal 815 means that all salespersons together have sold office furniture on 815,000 in the first quarter in the Commercial sector. Then, Sector subtotals (sales volumes by sector) are added. For example, Sector subtotal 3429 means that all salespersons together have sold office furniture on 3,429,000 in the Commercial sector in 2005. Then, 6,555,000 is annual sales result in 2005. Then formatting should be applied to the report to make it easy to read and understand. There are many basic formatting options available at the cell and worksheet level. Most are available on the Format Menu located on the Standard Excel toolbar. (Sandhills Publishing Company 2005) Pie charts and bar charts are very useful for analysis and easy to interpret. Peltier (2006) concludes that pie charts are good when you are showing the relative proportion of numbers that add up to a total, for a single series of data and when there are not too many wedges, particularly too many small ones. They show a good qualitative view of the data. Bar charts are good for quantitative displays, at showing progress toward a goal, especially if you've exceeded that goal (for this you should use a bar chart with a horizontal line at the goal). Sales by sector chart (Figure 1) shows the dynamic of sales of office furniture by a quarter in each sector. It shows that sales in Commercial sector are  £815 ,000 in the 1st quarter, then they grow to  £849,000 in the 2nd quarter, then they decline to  £799,000 in the 3rd quarter, and then they grow again to  £966,000 in the 4th quarter. Sales in the Commercial sector are higher than sales in other sectors in each quarter.

Business Principles in Human Resource Management Essay - 2

Business Principles in Human Resource Management - Essay Example Consequently, commitment ignites achievement of goals and faithfulness towards the desired objective ( Burrow, James, and Kleindl, 300). A competent leader induces hard work with adequate purpose to achieve set targets. This is vital to me as competent employees strive towards success. To a business, competency induces additional skills and knowledge leading to innovation and creativity. This is a significant principle of management as it guarantees a business success. Congruence is an important principle in the process of management that ensures legibility in decisions made. To me, it is a concept, which helps in arriving at the achievable and realistic goal. To a business, congruence ensures objectives are timely and realistic. This, in turn, leads to the success of the business. Without cost-effectiveness and fair reward of employees, set goals will be difficult to achieve. As a manager, this principle will assist me in spending economically and in all sector of the business. To a business, cost-effectiveness is important as extra resources can be channeled to develop other departments. As a manager, continuous development and improvements are important as it not only boost the morale of employees but also improves the working environment. Change in a business increases the productivity of employees and in turn yields. As, a manager, unique strategies are extremely vital which comes from creativity. Creativity enables the realization of new strategies using new approaches enable the business gain competitive advantage. In addition, creativity encourages the use of limited resources a factor which builds a business due to enough resources. Building trust is a very vital process in human resource management. The credibility of employees to undertake their strategies and meet their objectives is a central role in management. To a business, credibility consummates human resource to deliver adequately.

Understanding the concepts of realized return of the stock, systematic Assignment

Understanding the concepts of realized return of the stock, systematic and unsystematic risk, risk of the portfolio, beta, WACC - Assignment Example Thus the total realized value of the stock is the summation of the realized value of the different assets. Segregating the different factors or components of a stock’s realized return it can be seen that such return is constituted essentially by three main blocks. The first factor reflects the total return that is expected of the stock. Second factor hints on the different economic changes that are taking place in the external world and the effect of such changes on the position of the stock. The third factor endeavors to figure out alterations in the external climate, which tend to render some unique effects on the firm’s stock position. Understanding of the components of realized return of a stock is essential for different stocks tend to reflect different types of sensitivity depending on the various factors. Further through the understanding of the firm’s stock position it becomes easy to infer on the stability position of the firm. (Brigham & Daves, 2009, p. 97; What is a Realized Return?, n.d.). Q.2. Contrast systematic and unsystematic risk A.2. The concept of systematic risks hints at the evolution of risks, which happen not by the occurrence of chance events. These risks rather happen due to the simultaneous occurrence of events, which do not rely on chances. Thus systematic risks are generally undiversified in nature. They can be easily correlated to the occurrence of certain external events. Examples of systematic risks entail changes in the state of economic conditions, which brings in abrupt losses for the economy as a whole. Hence a tight regulation brought about by the monetary organizations causes the rise in the rates of interest for financial concerns. However because of the correlated happenings of these risks due to changes in the economic conditions these risks become simultaneous in nature. Thus it becomes difficult to render insurance schemes covering such risks for these risks go on occurring spontaneously with economic changes. On the other hand the happen ing of unsystematic risks is related to the occurrence of events, which generally take place owing to chance factors. Risks emanating out of chance events cannot be correlated to the occurrences of the events, which are probable, by nature. For example the outbreak of fire in a complex is simply a probabilistic event and depends highly on chance factors. Thus any amount of expected economic loss amounting from such counters an unsystematic risk and can be insured beforehand (Condamin, Louisot, & Naim, p.4). Further the due to certainty measures the amount of systematic risks can be rendered for explanations and also can be easily modeled. On the contrary, the unsystematic risks for the uncertainty factor adhered to it fails to be modeled. (Los, 2001, p.114) Q.3. Explain why the total risk of a portfolio is not simply equal to the weighted average of the risks of the securities in the portfolio. A.3. The total risk of a portfolio is computed based on the variance or standard deviatio n of the different returns emanating out of the different assets of the portfolio. However the variance computed does not depend on the weighted average of the different range of returns amounting from the employment of different assets. Rather the computation of the total risk of the portfolio is done based on the factor of correlation of each asset to other assets employed such. Thus if two assets constitute a certain portfolio then the

Computres Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Computres - Essay Example Weaving looms for executing mechanical calculations. First generation computers (1940-1956) were extremely large, unreliable and costly. They used vacuum tubes; the size of light bulbs, which generated a lot of heat. This made heat regulation and climate control difficult. The second generation computers (1956-1963) used transistors that were smaller than vacuum tubes. They were more reliable and consumed less heat (Cosper, 2013; Morley& Parker, 2009,) Third generation computers (1964-1971) referred to as the IBM 370 series, which came in different sizes. They were mostly used for scientific and business purposes. The third generation computers used integrated circuit technology and microchips were used as memory. Fourth generation computers (1971-present) saw the rise of personal computers (PC). Apple introduced apple I (1976) and II (1977) marshalling the wide use of computers at home. Software industry started growing, with apple and Microsoft being the main companies. 1990s saw a rise in multimedia culture with the discovery of World Wide Web that created interest in computers. Professions embraced software to improve products and services. In the early 2000s, computers began to become integrated with TV. Literature review Why is computer innovation good for society? The innovation of the digital edge has reshaped the way society operates on a daily basis. It is worth noting that computers have technology has unfolded a change of time. Implications of computer use on society are so diverse. Computers have helped in the creation of information. Computer innovation has made it easy and quick to create information. In order for society to grow, information is an essential factor in the advancement of political, social, economic, environmental and health asseveration. Computers have made it possible for society to generate information that is useful in economic decisions. For instance, business software development makes it easy for professionals to carry out t heir duties precisely and in a sustainable manner. On a higher note, computer innovation has also helped in transmission of information. Timely and up to date information is possible through computing. Initially, information was transmitted through signals like fire, using word of mouth and letters. In some instances, information never reached the intended recipients. However, computer innovations along with other internet technological advancements have made it effortless for people to communicate in a fraction of a second. People are able to communicate with friends and relatives who are worlds apart through emails and video chatting. Other social media platform communication like Facebook and Twitter has improved the way populace network (Wright, 2012). Computers have also played a chief role in entertainment provision through computer games and animations. Other features like e-learning provide an opportunity for learners to access education at the comfort of their homes. This s aves on cost as a person does not essentially have to be physically in attendance to the learning institution. Bank holders can access information on their financial status at any time through internet banking. Computer innovation has resulted in job creation for millions of people around the globe. New careers have resulted from computer innovations such as information technology experts and software developers. Every

E-Learning Master Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

E-Learning Master - Essay Example I will lso use cse study to support the evidence of the theory. It hs been rgued tht computer-bsed communiction is the most fundmentl chnge in communictions technology in the lst 150 yers (de l Sol Pool 1984). The prolifertion of the personl computer combined with the Internet hs precipitted fr-reching chnges in society. Electronic communictions nd digitl networks re trnsforming the wy we work nd re reshping personl communiction nd entertinment. This trnsformtion hs hd tremendous effect on the need nd opportunity to lern. Unfortuntely, the trnsmission model tht still domintes eduction hs chnged little. Notwithstnding the widespred doption of computer communictions in society, we hve yet to fully experience the trnsformtive effects of this medium, prticulrly its effect on e-lerning. We re in wht John Seely Brown (2000) described s the grdul development phse of this trnsformtive medium nd re yet to experience its explosive impct. We re only experiencing e-lerning in its erly forms nd hve much to lern of its inherent cpbilities nd the cretion of new 'lerning ecology' (Brown 2000). s hs been suggested, e-lerning is not simply nother technology or dd-on tht will be quietly integrted or ultimtely rejected. E-lerning represents very different ctegory nd mode of communiction. Since communiction is t the hert of ll forms of eductionl interction, it is likely tht its impct on eduction systems nd individul techers nd lerners will be significnt. It mkes little sense to replicte or simulte trditionl fce-to-fce pproches. Clerly, if we relly re experiencing new lerning ecology, simulting prctices bsed on very different ecology simply misses the point. Not only would opportunities to improve the lerning experience be lost, but merely simulting trditionl prctices resists cpitlizing on the chrcteristics of new er of lerning. E-lerning will inevitbly trnsform ll forms of eduction nd lerning in the twenty-first century. Notwithstnding tht e-lerning's influence in trditionl eductionl institutions hs been wek - in relity, little more thn n enhncement of current prctices - s we gin better understnding of its potentil nd strengths, e-lerning will effectively trnsform how we pproch the teching nd lerning trnsction (Grrison nd nderson 2000). E-lerning trnsforms eduction in wys tht extend beyond the efficient delivery or entertinment vlue of trditionl pproches. E-lerning cnnot be ignored by those who re seriously committed to enhncing teching nd lerning. 1. new relity with ccess to E-lerning t the core of the e-lerning trnsformtion is the Internet. report of the US Web-bsed Eduction Commission (on-line) stted: The question is no longer if the Internet cn be used to trnsform lerning in new nd powerful wys. The Commission hs found tht it cn. The Web-bsed Eduction Commission clls upon the new Congress nd dministrtion to embrce n 'e-lerning' gend s centrepiece of our ntion's federl eduction policy. (Retrieved July 2001) The report recommended tht vstly expnded development nd innovtion progrmme 'should be built on deeper understnding of how people lern, how new tools support nd ssess lerning

Is it possible to overcome Euthyphro's Dilemma Explain Research Paper

Is it possible to overcome Euthyphro's Dilemma Explain - Research Paper Example From then onwards, the segregation of right and wrong started in this world. Socrates has once asked a difficult question to Euthyphro about morality or ethics. â€Å"Almost all the objections to theistic ethics can be thought to derive from the famous Euthyphro dilemma†(Bagget and Walls, p.4). In a conversation between Euthyphro and Socrates Euthyphro asserts that â€Å"holiness is what all the gods love, and unholiness is what they hate (Joyce, p.50). Socrates asked him a confusing question; "Is the pious being loved by the gods because it is pious, or is it pious because it is being loved by the gods?"  (Bagget and Walls, p.32). In other words, Euthyphro faced the dilemma of whether to define morality in terms of will of God, or it should be perceived as the actions of God. Plenty of theologian and philosophers struggled to explain or answer Euthyphro’s dilemma. This paper analyses the above question in a philosophical manner and explores the possibilities of over coming this dilemma. Before answering the question of morality, it is necessary to discuss something about God. No science or technology has yet succeeded in unveiling the mysteries surrounding life before birth and life after death. If the soul is the driving force behind human body, what happens to our soul after our death is often a confusing question. ... For example, a computer or robot cannot work properly without instructions from humans even though it may have superior abilities. In other words, computers or robots may never become superior to humans. Same way God is always superior to us because of his superior power and abilities which are beyond the grasping power of humans. Now come to the question; Is the pious being loved by the gods because it is pious, or is it pious because it is being loved by the gods?. The answer should be the first one. Even though God knows everything happening in this world, he is not interfering in all things happening on earth. Bible and Quran have references about the existences of evil forces in this world. Many people have the doubt that if God is a holy entity, then why he permitted the interactions of evil forces in this world which is created by God. The evil forces always try to increase their strength by forcing people to commit sins in order to question the authorities of God. On the othe r hand, God has no necessities to strengthen his kingdom with the help of external forces since no external forces can challenge his supremacy ever. The evil forces are making a desperate effort to challenge God’s supremacy. God sent the human to this world with a mission. He wanted only the right people in his eternal kingdom. Earth is a laboratory for God in which the reactants like humans and evil forces interact each other. These interactions will create certain products, which may be analyzed by the God later. Those who succeeded in defeating the efforts of evil forces may join God in his kingdom, whereas others will be destroyed in this world itself. In order to conduct his testing process successfully, God allows evil forces to make their own efforts to

Should Organisations Transition Towards a Green Supply Chain Research Proposal

Should Organisations Transition Towards a Green Supply Chain - Research Proposal Example The aim of this paper is to avail action plan and facilitate knowledge among supply chain professionals who need to embrace Green strategy efficiently and communicate these efforts to their commodity consumers, public and partners. Despite the public focus on the environment, benefits attached to reducing a firm’s environmental impacts are never at the forefront of supply chain executives’ minds. It seems that many executives are still unaware of that enhanced environmental performance implies fewer environmental-permitting fees, lesser waste-disposal and training costs, and, quite, lessened material costs. Optimistically, the interest in green issues and environmental concerns by the public will never decline as economic issues become more significant due to the irresolute economy (Charter, Kielkiewicz-Young, et al. 2001). Organizations are at loggerheads in deciding whether to embrace green supply chain management due to lack of proper skills in strategic management of green supply chain. Strategic management of Green supply chain entails gathering and analyzing environmental regulations and customer needs, deliberating on the relevant environmental issues with the procurement, manufacturing an d quality control department across the supply chain organizations and collapsing into development and communication of the green supply chain policies to all stakeholders of the supply chain ranging from supplier to customer’s customer. Such a lengthy and elaborative procedure presents problems for most organizations despite the intense pressure exerted by their respective governments and consumers who have turned to such firms that have not incorporated Green strategies. The academic in proper knowledge endowment on adopting and implanting green supply chain in firms strategic planning and operation thus possess a major threats to those static firms due to lack of increased

Tort law should not and could not be used to achieve distributive Essay

Tort law should not and could not be used to achieve distributive goals - Essay Example Tort law cannot achieve distributive goals and this attempt would be illegitimate, undesirable, ineffective and non feasible. For instance tort law cannot meet the progressive redistribution of wealth from rich to poor but it is the other way round. Tort law cannot advance the status of groups that are disadvantaged in society since in so many ways it runs short of fairness and that the bottom line is compensation. Social rationality and resource allocation is against the less social valued in society practicing tort law. Tort law cannot achieve distributive goals because it is full of indifference. It is questionable that omissions in tort law are often treated as incurring less liability than acts. Treatment of omission is different from that of acts therefore tort law is law of indifference as in Slovin v Wise (1996) 3 WLR 389. Responsibility for omission is less than that for acts even if damage was identical. It is argued that limiting responsibilities for an individual especially in relation to obligation is the duty of state. In Liability for omission, a distinction is drawn between misfeasance where a party is negligent and nonfeasance where a party does nothing at all. The general rule is that there is no liability for an omission (Slovin v Wise (1996) 3 WLR 389). In justice and rights, morality places an obligation on every individual to save life whenever it is possible. A person wat ching a small child drown in swallow water is morally obliged to save that child. The law of omission in tort gives a leeway. Tort law is a law of monetary compensation and in cases of omission there is no financial claim that results from nonfeasance. In tort, the value of social justice cannot be realized. For instance, Party intervened during an incident that leads to injury is view as less responsible if some third party comes in and causes subsequent harm. Attention is therefore shifted from the negligent act of the defendant toward the immediate wrong inflicted by the third party. It is unjust to say that the original negligent act exemplifies the fact that where injury to property is caused though fault of another party the other party is liable to compensate for the injury caused. It goes without saying that the perpetrator of careless act should be held responsible for injuries caused through there unreasonable behaviour. in Baker v Willoughy (1970) HL the court in the case held that the duty of the motorist and pedestrian with regard to keeping a proper look-out were different; appointment of liability, 25% to pedestrian and 75% to driver. Three years later before a decision on the case was made the claimant was shot during armed robbery in the previously injured led. D still had to make full payment despite the supervening injury because the injury did not rise by accident or lantern condition. The facts of this case demonstrate clearly that tort law cannot achieve distributive goals. For justice to prevail everyone should bear responsibility for their own act. Criminal justice call for a sentence toward the offender in equal measures to the wrong done. If the offender will be a threat to the public, justice and rights of individuals provide for imprisonment. The outcome of tort law can be so unpredictable and economically it may seem difficult to measure permanent damages especially those related to health in monetary terms. In addition, foreseeabl e consequences

Pfizer information systems Essay Example for Free

Pfizer information systems Essay Pfizer is a health organization in form of a pharmaceutical company. It has its headquarters in London. Due to the wide distribution of activities within the corporation however, success of its activities has been through the use of Clinical Management System (CMS). This is management software, which is in a form of a wide scope of database that support the storage, processing and release of information across different departments. In 2000, this information system database won the top honor towards care management. The nature of the database is inform of a complex autonomy of information sourcing, storage and dissemination center to the various departments within the organization. (http://ieeexplore. ieee. org/Xplore/login. jsp? url=/iel5/6709/20043/00926806. pdf? arnumber=926806) It has been an important implement towards the maintenance of patient records in electronic forms. It helps in providing support for the providers of primary care, care managers, health professionals and nurses with the most appropriate framework for decision-making. Within its system, CMS database holds records about the outlay of various chronic diseases. Elsewhere, it is equipped with the health information of various patients which is seen as an important step towards offering adequate performance lifestyle in the care management for the patients. (http://www. pfizer. com. my/01b_bus. asp) To Pfizer, CMS database system was developed as a solution towards patients care management. It has been a tool for supplement health care management in various institutional process management within the organization. A complex autonomy of data is held within its system which captures patient health history, chronic diseases, and medical attention given to them above others. Decision support for patients is attained through the provision of information across various departments within the organization. The database helps the professionals for health care in collected the most appropriate medical history, laboratory data, medical data information on treatment status, symptoms and other basic patient information. Within its system also, treatment information on patients that have diabetes, depression and heart failure is maintained. It also has a component of modules that are used by health care professionals in facilitating health lifestyles. Consequently, an approach towards lifestyles that help to reduce the risks involved in cardiovascular disease is provided. (http://www. pfizerhealthsolutions. com/media/071301_award. asp) Therefore, CMS is a risk management database system where information which is patient specific is stored. Consequently, the stored information is thus configured towards providing the most appropriate real-time analyzed decision support structures to the caregivers. The application of the information held in the system involves trained nurses as well as care managers who are licensed to use various program protocols under strict supervision of a specialist. They then deliver the most appropriate care towards the success of the patients. It has various clinical features and functions aimed at patient care management. Generally, Pfizer Health solutions have been known in offering and enhancing efficiency and quality in health care delivery. This would perhaps be a simple structure of database CMS information system.

The use of ICTs

The use of ICTs Abstract As a great attention has been paid for the development of new generation eMediaries, the rapid escalation of the Internet and ICT (Information and Communication Technology) has also precious for recognized tour operators. The main purpose of this report is to examine the use of ICT by the tour operator Thomas Cook and to analyze the key issues. The report uses information from journals, companys reports and trade press articles. The report highlights the fundamental aspects of Thomas Cooks Business Strategies and the Business Model. (Marianna Sigala) The eBusiness impact is well documented by Jacsson and Harirs (Jackson): suggested that the Information and Communication Technology affecting the processes of companys operations followed how they do business, is well interpreted and how company need to reorganize and restructure themselves continuously. The aim of this report is to explain the acceptance of eBusiness by the traditional operators, and to explain the competitive advantage of eBusiness and Information and Communication Technology with a neat explanation and interpretation by analyzing Dniel Frews view (Daniele). The report briefly explains the Thomas Cooks strategies, as a large tour operator increasing profitability with the vertical integration and how it produced a substantial concentration in the market. The report explains the key factors and the need of ICT for tourism, like the importance of IT trainings and education for business policy makers, key role players and managers in the industry. Explains the integration of different sectors in this industry, example: transport, lodge, etc., the up gradation of organizations Technical Infrastructure and the need of Human Infrastructure like people with technology skills, vision and management skills. (Shanker, 2008) The report explains the importance of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) and how tourism industry adopted ICT to make the best sales trough eMarketing as well as online sales. It supports several indications like internet connectivity ad usage of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) Systems. It also explains the customers expectations and market competition. And the gap between small scale companies and large scale companies utilizing ICT and applications of eBusiness. The report briefs the use of eBusiness for Thomas Cooks business strategy on business objectives like business integration and delivering planned synergies, use of eBusiness to strengthen the main stream model for tour operating, implementing the independent travel segments, to expand the groups financial services. (plc, 2007) The report summarizes information on computing and Information Systems, here Information and Communication Technology plays a vital role to present the organizations ability to satisfy its customers travel safety measures and presenting them for great leisure time. The way Thomas Cook approaches its customers to explain the tour packages with visualizations on their website and in other way of electronic communication like contacting them by means of Tele-Communications, electronic mails and social networking sites. This report presents the way Thomas Cook achieved its success in competitive advantage. Conclusion: The report presents the e-Commerce and the e-Governance approach towards its customers, and how the web makes it easy for travelers to plan their holidays. How Thomas Cook provides appropriate online experience to its visitors to ensure the quality conversion and sales. Explains how online booking become an impotent part of their business and growth is set to continue (TravelMole, 2007). And the research methods Thomas Cook taken about, its customers progress through the online journey and how it will continue to enhance its websites and tools respectively (TravelMole, 2007). References: Daniele, R. . Intermediaries to Market-Makers:. In A. J. (Ed), Information and Communication Techonologies in Tourism (pp. 546-557). Jackson, P. . (n.d.). EBusiness and Oraganizational Change: recounciling traditional values with business transformation. Journal of Oraganizational Change Management , 16(5), 497-511. Marianna Sigala, L. M. (n.d.). Tour Operators in in an eBusiness World. Retrieved March 19th, 2010, from http://books.google.co.uk: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=s9f5_kvYrZoCpg=PA207lpg=PA207dq=thomas+cook+information+and+communication+technologysource=blots=KkiM3J5HGosig=iL2qLClFWLyN8wzC6Dgx3PXScUchl=enei=1vykS5jQFIS80gTFitT1CQsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=9ved= plc, T. C. (2007, June 27). Thomas Cook Group plc. Retrieved March 19th, 2010, from http://www.thomascookgroup.com: http://www.thomascookgroup.com/media/tcgpresentationfinal2007.pdf Shanker, D. (2008, May 15 17). ICT and Tourism: Challenges and Opportunities. Retrieved March 19th, 2010, from http://dspace.iimk.ac.in: http://dspace.iimk.ac.in/bitstream/2259/536/1/50-58.pdf TravelMole. (2007, October 02). Thomas Cook e-commerce director highlights online trends. (http://www.marvellousmedia.com, Interviewer)

Impact Of Social Networking On Customer Relationship Management Marketing Essay

Impact Of Social Networking On Customer Relationship Management Marketing Essay Abstract-Dealing over the Internet is becoming extremely important. Now the organisations have a tremendous opportunity through using the internet by specifies how to increase revenue and how it can reduce the cost of sales through using the Internet power. Internet at the present time is not just an additional business channel, but even more, it is a strategic business channel through which organisations can showcase their products and services. E-Business Relationship Management, Customer Relationship Management is managing of all customers and business partners through the Internet and social networking. It is not anything else but the management of customer relationships, which contains two of the scenarios, Business to consumer scenario and Business to Business scenario. Customer Relationship Management is the strategic process to put the customers in the middle of the business world. CRM is the solution that will give the organisation all the necessary information for successful managing the customers. Index Terms-Customer relationship management, E-business, Social networking. INTRODUCTION THE Social community sites have now become available to the mainstream and individuals as from over the world have adopted this new phenomenon in the making and sharing of content. When this phenomenon started, the small online communities were the leaders of social community sites and are partly responsible for their extraordinary growth. Nowadays, social community has become one of the most popular applications on the Internet since the burst of the dot-com bubble (Chan, 2007). Also many social community sites surpass even the great Google in page hits in 2006. In addition some social community sites are targeting the business community. This tendency makes viable new business models that are semi-private and by subscription only. New e-commerce benefits to the side, the popularity of these sites have seriously heightened the threats of criminal elements, such as predators, hackers and copyright violators lurking in them. Introduction to CRM in the context of e-business Organisations are facing rapid paced changes in their business environment and this change relates to evolving customer needs, evolving technologies for meeting customer needs. Change is the only constant in an organizations life (Drucker, 1992). using technology able the companies to applied the automation in trading area this new technique leads the markets to create new policy to customer relationship management in old days markets used face to face trading thats mean you should be in the store and the body language and speaking with the worker will motivate you to buy or not, put in the now trading approach no need for being in hand, its the on-line business method. Now by changing the over all paying method from physical to virtual thats mean you should change your CRM policy and create now aides to managing customer relationships by using technology in e-business. Customer relationship management has many definitions and thats referred to the researchers or organisations view; Customer relationship management is neither a concept nor a project. Instead, its a business strategy that aims to understand, anticipate and manage the needs of an organisations current and potential customers. It is a journey of strategic, process, organisational and technical change whereby a company seeks to better manage its own enterprise around customer behaviours (Brown, 2000). In general from the definitions, CRM created to managing the customer files which contain basic information about the clients to understand and predict the customer needs and the customer behaviours. In accordance to Gefen and Ridings (2002), Can be divided the CRM into three functional categories and that is operational, analytical and collaborative CRM. Operational CRM category, as well-known as front-office CRM, Enables and simplifies communication and areas which involve direct contact with customers occur, such as e-mail promotion (Romano, 2003). Operational CRM efforts to provide smooth integration of back-office processes with customer interfaces and described CRM products on the market. Analytical CRM category, as well-known as back-office CRM, regards understanding the activities of customer that happened in front office and enable an organisation to analyse customer relationships using data mining to increase loyalty and profitability (Gefen and Ridings, 2002). Collaborative CRM category, a centre of communication and coordination network that provides the tracks for customer and supplier (Schubert Koch, 2002); It can also mean the channels of communication such as the Internet or e-mail or voice applications. Customer Relationship Management, which contains two scenarios, Business to Consumer scenario (B2C) and Business to Business scenario (B2B). From compared B2B scenario and B2C scenario will be noted that B2B closing with a supplier-vendor relationships based on history, performance and trust as well as after-sales service is of great importance; B2C market may a small but fast growing and require different kinds of relationships, information and communication approaches (Zeng and Wen Yen, 2003), B2C relationships are usually of shorter duration with shorter sales cycles and more transactions driven. B2C consumer may be seeking a combination of comfort, price and capabilities of product. The information collected around the consumer usually include demographics, past and present purchase behaviour, psychographics and preferences. A new expression for taking care of customers over the Internet, eCRM, is applied lately by some organisational and academic societies (Ragins and Greco, 2003). Social networking revolution and implications for business Humans in all cultures form complex social networks; the expression social network at this point means ongoing relations between people who are engaged in the group, either for particular reasons (such as fantasy basketball, diabetes support groups) or for more general expressions (like families, friends, social clubs). Membership of these networks may be relatively permanent (like extended families) which couldnt be changed. Or flexible (like club support groups) which may be changed. Studying social networks, makes interaction between individuals, has been considered as a main research topic in sociology (Wasserman, 1994). Many theoretical models were built to study such models and later on and Based on computerized data capability of managing large data, it is possible now to analyze real social networks that were purely theoretical researches. Boyd Introduced the following description for Social Networking Sites as, Social network sites as web-based services that allow individuals to (1) construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, (2) articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and (3) view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system (Boyd, 2007). Building online communities of people who wish to share interests, knowledge and/or activities, or who are concerned in exploring the interests, knowledge and activities of others. Social networking websites not only allow the ability for persons to communicate with each other but too enable persons to find individuals with the same of interest. Once they find out each other, members can form specific societies On the basis of their mutual interests. Social networking websites continues to growing up in popularity, companies can no longer only rely on traditional methods (print, radio, television, etc.) to impose the public perception of their products. On the contrary, these new channels of communication too provide organisations means to discover and maintain a persistent contact with their constituents of the most vocal. This information can be harnessed by organisations to use social networks to help consumers identify the most influential and participate in the campaign of product development, and improve the feeling of the brand. Finally the organisation marketing and services efforts can be enhanced by social networking. But to take advantage of social networks in a manner consistent, sustainable and open for analysis, the organisations need to customer relationship management solutions that present the right capabilities. The organisation that will enable individuals to build relationships and societies at the most easily way with other they trust, that organisation will win. The powerful idea in social networks is the concentration on making geographic place irrelevant. Social Community recognizes that people love to connect with people similar to them. But it may be more powerful if people use these communities and making them. Relation between Social network and E-commerce Sinha and Swearingen (2001) found that customers are more likely to accept recommendations and suggestions from other people they know and trust, for example family members or friends, rather than from automated systems in E-commerce websites. In reality, people decision when buying a product is strongly affected by his or her friend and business partner more than strangers. Also communities on the Web allow the users to express their personal choices and to share their recommendations. Social network sites become an opening point for Web users who are interested in E-commerce. Therefore, E-commerce corporations may take this advantage to increase their sales and support consumer relationship management. Many social network sites have been so attractive recently for a huge number of people. For example Facebook site has gathered around 47 million very active customers in the last three years, according to Shuen (2008), who argues that Facebook is the social network advertising platform. The importance value of these installed base over 47 million free users is immediately monetized via target advertising revenues. The writer maintains that the transition from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 has been marked with the dynamism and interaction of participants. She rightly notes that Techniques, architectures, and technologies that combined to trigger a phase transition, from a Web 1.0 technology collection of static websites to a Web 2.0 technology platform for anew generation of social dynamic web applications and services. The author further argues that Billions of clicks per day contribute to the collectivist Web and a rethinking of ourselves via sharing, collaborating and trading. THE Impact of social networking on e-CRM A main topic of debate between customer management and business, attention process leaders right now is making sure the business value of social CRM. The techniques and technologies of social are proliferating rapidly. Recent survey of 286 companies displays that while only 21% have established, for instance, customer community interaction sites, an amazing additional 42% are piloting or interested in executing customer communities (Forrester, 20009). Another Forrester research also spotlights that the ROI for social media applied to specific use cases, like customer service, can be attractive. (Forrester, 2009) Cutting through all the hype, companies are challenged to make difficult decisions around the level of investment they should work in Social Computing technologies such as wikis, blogs, forums, tools for customer feedback, social networking websites and customer community platforms. And they need to know how these advanced capabilities should be and how it can be integrated and structured with their transactional CRM systems. To understand this, Forrester defines e-CRM to the key of technologies that support the business processes and procedures for targeting, acquiring, retaining, understanding, and very importantly collaborating socially with customers (Forrester, 2008). The phenomenon of the social networking which is forcing business process to expand the thinking beyond the target of optimizing a two-way relationship between the companies and customer to also include the synchronise interactions that customers have between themselves. CRM is improving from its traditional concentrate on optimizing customer-facing transactional operations to include the strategies and technologies to evolve collaborative and social relations with customers, suppliers, and even competitors See the below figure (Forrester, 2008) Fig. 1. Old world and new world (social relations with customers, suppliers, and even competitors). In this new world (simultaneous and collaborative relationships), traditional CRM solutions will continue to gathering data for customer, analysis that data, and automate workflows to improve business processes. But business process must search for new and innovative solutions to engage with emerging social consumers, enhance the customer experience and knowledge through architect solutions and fundamental community-based interactions that are flexible, support and foster strong intra-organization and client collaboration. So in order to innovate the e-CRM and make the benefits of the social community, the following points may be used: Initiate e-CRM experiments immediately, specify a near-term opportunity to apply e-CRM viewpoints to a customer-facing challenge at company; Building some practical experience that will get out of old mindsets. Refine the strategies later as new insights emerge. Define social customer objectives, of the most important decision is not what the technique or technology to use; the most important is specifying what are trying to achieve and how the plan to modify and change relationships with customers. Map out e-CRM capabilities-building plan, the social CRM plan should be tightly related to business objectives, focused on customer benefits, clearly determine the processes and procedures that will be affected, and identify the associated information and capabilities required. Social networking application with exploring opportunities, benefits and risks The future of the advertising is personal. This not only means personalised in the sense that companies can prepare of custom messages to individual customers, but also personalised in the sense that product recommendations, tips and notes come directly from friends, for friends. The early examples of this new type of advertisement are called virtual marketing campaigns on the World Wide Web: the company may leak some apparently unauthorized pictures, videos, or specifications of a soon-to-be released product such as blog, that is mean the information will spreads quickly by word of mouth on all over the world. Companies such as Amazon, Netflix, ebay and Tripadvisor have popular and powerful marketing tools in the case of the Amazon website it concerns books and videos, in the case of Tripadvisor concerns hotels and restaurants, where customers write the shows of the products they liked or disliked. In that way, additional to advertisement and the mission of marketing department the company can rely on first-hand experiences through previous customers. Social networking websites take this approach additional one point: instead of receiving reviews and other information about the products from third parties is not known, consumers receive related information about the product such as experience reports or buying decisions from people they know like a friends. Facebooks Beacon program was attempt at implementing such a word-of-mouth or whats on your mind? campaign tool in a social networking website: As soon as a user of Facebook would buy an item from online shop such as buy a book at Amazon all of her friends on Facebook would be told her friends about that in the form of a status message. This allowed to easily staying up to date about friends shopping behaviors. The Facebook developer launched the Like button, Visitors may now declares their sympathy with a company or product simply by pressing the (conspicuously placed) like button. This predilection is then communicated not exclusive to the visitors entire social network website, but also to all the companies participating in the Facebook advertising platform. So the Companies may take advantage of this property by create application on the Facebook website and that will publish on all over the world and the users can see that and press on Like buttons or participate in the group and be a member and this allows the visitors to feed information into Facebook. According to Nicole, et al. (2007), in these days social networking websites have become powerful tools for customer through acquisition and retention, employee recruiting. And these form one of opportunities and benefit for social networking. Virtual Marketing also enter new dimensions through the use of social networks, With social networks, a virtual marketing campaign can rapidly and easily establish interest groups for recently launched products or upcoming events. So far, few commercial heavyweights can bear not to have appearance in these social networks (Livingstone, 2008). The customer relationship management based mainly on information and data customers, providing social networking sites a huge database can be managed through CRM. Through the social network website may the companies advertising that is product and that will reduces the cost and reach to all customer in easy way. According to Fogel and Nehmad (2008), of the most important things that constitute a risk to social networks is the information privacy and perceptions about the security of personal data, lack of interest in the field of technology from some of the people and belief that it is only for young people, perceptions about its value, truth of the information or lack of it, lack of understanding how to use these websites and lack of interest in contacting and sharing knowledge. Conclusion The most important for CRM in e-Business objectives is reduce the cost and time-saving and that happen through using the technology revolution such as social networking website and knowledge sharing and understand customer buying behavior by collect and analysis the information of customer. eCRM is not created to change the marketing however instead to enhance it, eCRM tools available to marketing manager to help them to achieve their goals and objectives. eCRM and marketing manager together can successfully carry out new products and launch new marketing campaigns to satisfy customer needs and wants. With many of the features intrinsic of embracing social networking websites and other social media channels of communication, companies need to carefully assess not solely the opportunities of such a move, but must also face the risks.

Essay --

Chapter 3: Method and Methodology 3.1 Methodology This chapter will provide knowledge and understanding of the research process that was carried out, before revealing the results. Methodology is the foundation on which a researcher bases their work. This process is fundamental to the research project as a whole as illustrated in Ryan et al (2002): ‘the process of research is as important as the output’ (p.2). The manner in which research is conducted involves particular techniques. Tomkins and Groves (1983) highlight that the ‘selection of the most appropriate research methodology is dependent on the nature of the phenomenon being researched’ (Ryan et al, 2002, p.35). Methodology is essentially the process through which this research is conducted and consists of two dimensions: ontology and epistemology (Hopper and Powell, 1985, p.431). Burrell and Morgan’s (1979) Classification Matrix for the Analysis of Social Theory is constructed by two separate dimensions that are based upon assumptions of the nature of society and of social science. Within this framework, there are four paradigms; ontology, epistemology, human nature and methodology. For the purpose of this research project, the two paradigms which are of concern are ontology and epistemology. Ontology is concerned with the ‘nature of reality’ (Hopper and Powell, 1985 p.431) and epistemology the ‘nature of knowledge’ (ibid). Together these two elements define methodology. 3.1.1 Ontology Ontology, as described by Hopper and Powell (1985) is concerned with the ‘nature of ‘reality’’ (p.431). This indicates that ontology is ‘the study of existence and in this context is concerned with what we discern to be ‘real’’ (Ryan et al, 2002, p.13). There are two contrasting beliefs on t... ...uestionnaires were distributed to forty participants in total, 20 honours accounting students and twenty people from a range of occupations and professions. Upon analysis of the data, the researcher noted that there were more female respondents in comparison to their male counterparts. There were twenty-four women to sixteen men giving a ratio of 3:2. Most respondents were aged between 18 and 29 although this was to be expected as most students are within this age range. However the range of ages in the other respondent group, were much more varied, ranging from 18 to over 60. The response rate was 100% for the accounting students as the researcher handed them out in person and not via email or electronic survey. This ensured a quicker response time and a higher response rate. The response rate from the other 20 participants was significantly lower, at 63% (20/32).

Ways the Human Race could Destroy Itself :: Apocalypse

The End of Humanity: Could the Human Species Destroy Itself? There are lots of ways humanity could be wiped out - although I don't think any of them are particularly likely. Natural causes - An extinction-level asteroid impact would probably be sufficient, although not much else would - a disease epidemic, major climate shift, etc. would still leave many survivors to rebuild within a few hundred years. The window for such an impact is, however, extremely short, because it's extremely likely that within 300 years or so we will have the means to predict and avert all dangerous impacts. And the chance of that happening is, from historical comparison, 0.001% or less. There are a few other possibilities that would be much more catastrophic, though. One is a supernova very nearby, which would blast Earth with intense gamma radiation and most likely kill all macro-organisms. However, there aren't any stars large and old enough for this to be a risk for hundreds of thousands of years. Another is orbital destabilization of Earth (such as ejection from the Solar System) by a close-passing star - but the chance of that is extremely remote, and in addition we'd have thousands of years of warning. And the last that I can think of is alien invasion†¦ which is really out there, obviously. The eventual solar threats to life on Earth are not really relevant to humanity/posthumanity. The Sun is not large enough to supernova, but it will eventually engulf the Earth when it runs out of internal fuel and swells into a red giant. That's a good 4-5 billion years away, but well before that, though, the Sun will have become bright enough to heat Earth's surface enough to trigger a major atmospheric shift by overwhelming the "cloud effect" (which keeps temperatures on Earth stable) with a runaway greenhouse gas effect, boiling the oceans and making the planet Venus-like, uninhabitable except by micro-organisms. But even that is about 2 billion years away, plenty of time for posthumanity to rise and either avert the problem or simply head elsewhere. Accident - A scientific experiment run awry, or an unexpected side-effect of some new technology could potentially wreck some serious havoc. One possible horribly catastrophic scenario would be the unforeseen generation of a miniature black hole somewhere on Earth. If the hole did not evaporate instantaneously (and it would have to be pretty large not to, so I don't know how it would be possible to generate one accidentally) it would quickly bore a hole to the center of the Earth, absorbing more and more mass as it went, and eventually implode the planet.

Goal, time and communication Essay

What is a successful student? Many people tend to regard them as people who are successful in academic area only. However, this is the age of change, our society, which includes the economic and political surroundings as well as the natural environment, rapidly change. Not only should a successful student excel at academic sphere, but they also need to equip themselves for adopting with the changing world. Therefore, three qualities are needed urgently: goal setting ability, efficient time management, and effective communication ability. First, goal setting ability is vital for a student to be successful. Goal setting provides students meaning to learn and knowing what they wish to get in the future. People without goal do not know what they should work hard for, as well as why they should concentrate their attention and time to study. As a result, they will tend to waste their time and money in their college, making them sigh and regret for these when they come to the society and lo ok for their job in a flummoxed way. In root, they do not know how to set a goal for their future development. Knowing how to set a goal, student’s life will be different. They will work hard and attentive in class, participate in activities positively, finding their life meaningful. Meanwhile, This ability help students adopt to work as well. When they set up their goal, everything comes clear and meaningful. With goal, they will learn initiatively. In such a enormously changing world, goal is important for student to adopt to the world. Second, time management is essential for a student to be successful. Time management is a process that controlling over the amount of time spent on specific activities to increase effectiveness, efficiency or productivity. Students not knowing time management usually act causally, sometime even are not punctual when they have a meeting. As a consequence, they waste a lot of time looking for what they have ever arranged before. Moreover, they may not do the homework well even since they cannot handle well a big project by dividing it into different par ts and finish it well on time, not to mention their work. When they manage their time well, they will  be more confident to learn and work in an effective way. In such a rapidly changing world, time management is of vital importance for student to adopt to the world by manage their time well. Third, communication ability is significant for a student to be successful. Communication ability include language skill and ability to detect other’s meaning. Student without good communication skill usually tend to be distracted in the class, not to mention listening to the instructions clearly and making notes. Actually, people’s knowledge come from communication, student not handling communication skill must be not knowledgeable and making decision in a poor way. Now is the age of information, the third industry contributes to the economic a lot. People always corporate with people and communicate with others to get something in the society. If students may not handle communication ability, how can them get adopt to others and the quickly changing world? Goal setting ability, efficient time management, and effective communication ability, these all integrate into one is planning. Good planning always makes people get satisfying result with less effort in an effective way. These will not only help them improve academic result, but also prepare for our future life. To conclude, a successful student is not necessarily genius, but he should manage himself well to release his talent completely and cultivate himself to be adoptive to the society, as well as contribute to the society. In such a changing world, we are facing lots of problems caused by rapid economic growth in the past such as environment deterioration like climate change and resources depletion, widening gap between rich and poor and so on. These abilities will eventually help us save us from the social problems when we take action.

Compare

incline in your untaught to assume position in radical(prenominal) country, besides in general thither atomic number 18 to a greater extent differences. Both options shadow be beneficial when you finalize memorise incline. In this essay exit be discuss all the interchangeableities and differences between read position in Mexico to emergency incline in Australia, mention the class structure, teachers and the surround outside class. separate 2 champion progeny 1 Comp are (class Structure) To fix with classes with 15-20 students in a classroom, this bottomland be change all the clock time is non exactly al focusings but it is the communal number of students.Secondly, the teachers teach grammar, spilling, writing, listening and reading. in that respect are mental testings or tests every workweek and it is historic to pass them. Thirdly, everyone gutter take face in a hush-hush school or in slope public lifes. You need to pretend a flesh to presen t the TOEFL or EELS. Paragraph 3 exchange result 1 crease To begin with Mexico, there are and 3 levels of face basic, intermediate and advance. However, is not to common to teach pronunciation. sketching in your country is cheaper than fielding in overseas. The classes during approximately one or two and half(a) hours.Instead, in Australia are more levels for position, overly academic position. You flush toilet conclude to do a Bachelor or pottyvass the University. Although, is more expensive and the classes are full phase of the moon time.. If you study in Mexico, imagine the course that you want to take, maybe for 6 months or a couple of weeks. You know that the English School is near your house or you scarcely need to drive. But if you decide to study in Australia you need to put up in that country no less(prenominal) than 4 months and can decide to hindrance more than 1 year with the fortuity to extend more.Paragraph 4 Sub topic 2 Compare (environment ou tside class) In Mexico like in Australia moreover, you can hurt new pack , and a expectant catch is that all those tribe take the course for limit a new language, English. It is a swell way to string out more your ideas rough learning English because every diametric person that you cumulate have different ways or manners and you can learn about all these stuff too. Paragraph 5 Sub topic 2 communication channel In Mexico, after English classes you quieten speak your own language (Spanish).As well, you are near you family and friends, with all the things that you know. For example, food, public transport, the City, and so on However can be a slow process for learn English. On the other hand, in Australia you speak English all the time, in school, in the street, in the place that you digest. Every time. Although, study English in Mexico has less possibilities to learn hoi polloi from others parts of the world, it is more common to accept new tidy sum from Mexico, bu t if you decide to learn English in Australia you meet people from over the world.Paragraph 6 Sub topic 3 Compare (teachers) inaugural in Mexico and in Australia the English teachers speak very well English. They have a certificate or accreditation to confirm that they can teach this language. In lasses there is only one teacher to teach everything. such as, grammar, speaking, reading, writing, listening, everything. And the same teacher does the tests or exam for the students. There are many kinds of teachers. For example, funny, strict, serious, prosperous going, difficult, and every teacher has their different way to teach English.Paragraph 7 Sub topic 3 Contrast On the contrary, in Mexico the teachers are from the same country, they need to learn English before teach to students. sometimes or in general it is more common to communicate in a formal way or depend the teachers but this happened more hen you study the high school. In Australia whereas, great point is that the t eachers are intrinsics they talk naturally English, and a better point is that can be teachers from others apart of the world. For example England, from America, New Zealand, etc.There are more easy going and it is good for the person who start to learn English because their listen accent, pronunciation, the native language Paragraph 8 Conclusion In conclusion, It is important to mention that everyone to choose study English must to study hard and be concentrating all the time. Nevertheless, there are people homo get quickly English because is easier for others. Study English for first time could be difficult, because it is a new and different language.A good point is that all the people that you can meet have similar purpose and you cannot feel bad for know English or for learn slowly. Additionally, you need to know that Australia is totally opposite from Mexico it is so far. And for a long time you will live far from your country, family and friends, and maybe you can have homesi ck for a curt period or always. But the incur that you can have when you learn English in Australia is en of the biggest goals. For instance, you meet people from over around the world, but sometimes you only meet people to get along with to study English not native people.For example, you have many new friends from Thailand, Korea, and brazil nut but maybe you dont know anybody from Australia. yet to this, study in other country has more extra qualities, for example you can mention in your resume that you learn English in Australia and has experience in different things. And all this can booster you to find a better Job. Study English can open more doors in different ways, whatever you iced if study in Mexico or in Australia, but choose study in Australia can change the way that you see the live in many amazing ways.

Analysis Poem ‘No Coward Soul Is Mine’

No Coward Soul Is tap by Emily Bronte No coward soul is mine, No quaker in the worlds storm-troubled sphere I see welkin glories shine, And faith shines equal, arming me from fear. O God inwardly my breast. Al efficacyy, ever-present Deity Life that in me has rest, As I Undying Life reserve berth in Thee Vain are the thousand creeds That break away mens he contrivances unutterably vain Worthless as withered weeds, Or idlest froth amid the boundless main, To call forth doubt in one Holding so fast by Thine infinity So certainly anchored on The steadfast Rock of immortality. With wide-embracing love Thy olfactory sensation animates eternal years,Pervades and broods above, Changes, sustains, dissolves, creates, and rears. atomic number 19gh earth and man were gone, And suns and universes ceased to be, And Thou wert left alone, E real existence would exist in Thee. There is not room for Death, Nor atom that his might could render void Thou Thou art Being and Breath, And what Thou art may neer be destroyed. Analysis Connotative devises archetypical off stanzaIn the second line, storm-troubled has negative connotative of(predicate) of(predicate) signification. Denotative signification from storm is an extreme weather condition with very strong wind, heavy rain, and lighting and the appellative center of trouble s to cause someone to have a problems or difficulties. The word storm-troubled is a commingle verb that has connotative subject matter an activity of destroying something with the powerful animation or an activity that can cause a dangerous effect. In the quaternate line, shines has overbearing connotative mean. The denotative heart and soul from shines as verb is to send protrude or reflect light the connotative meaning is to show something or looks like. Also in fourth line, the word arming has positive connotative meaning. The word arming comes from word arm and affix ing. arm then has meaning as verb.The denotative meaning fr om arm is exposit of body which consist of cardinal long parts of the upper body that hardened to the shoulders and have hands at the end. The connotative meaning from arming is to embrace or to hug someone, overly to save or to make safety from something.Second stanzaIn the first line, the word breast has positive connotative meaning. The denotative meaning from breast is part of body, especially has parity with women. The connotative meaning from this word is deep interior of heart. In this line the poet wants to show that she really believes in God, so that she says that God in her breast or in her deep inside of her heart. Fourth Stanza In the fourth line, Rock has positive connotative meaning. The wing meaning of rock is the dry solid part of the Earths surface stone. The connotative meaning of Rock here is the faith, beliefs, or religion that spate have to have.Seventh StanzaIn the third line, Being and Breath has positive connotative meanings. The denotative meaning o f cosmos is a person or thing that exists or the call forth of existing and breath is the air that goes into and out of lungs. The connotative meaning of those words is the One who only has the being forever or the One who can break up a life or soul for the creature.

Paper Towns By John Green Essay

Quentin and Margo tackle at a ergodic dark when Margo sneaks into Quentins film on. Since consequently, Quentin follows Margo on her swaggering direction for punish of her son familiarity cheating. Quentin and Margo attract encompassing(prenominal) which makes Quentin to tonus analogous he is deviation to be plastered jocks with her since that day. However, Margo goes scatty the near day, loss yet a a few(prenominal)(prenominal) traces for Quentin to anticipate for herself. Quentin and his friends, Ben, radio detection and ranging, and Lacey, descry few clues at Margos room when her p arnts go a air. At her room, they define Walt Whitmans hold back, Leaves of Grass, and detect few excerpts that ar highlighted. Quentin wherefore ensures a placement clue at his theater and toss to the earn in objectiveisem of Margo. He finds maps that be connected with holes from the pins. He by and byward finds go forth that she is at Algoe, raw(a) York , and heads to Algoe with his friends on a highwayway trip. by and by a road trip, Quentin and his friends occur at Algoe, bran-new York where Margo is. They essay Margo authorship big m sensationy stuffs in her vague n acebook. Margo is impress to see that Quentin was adequate to(p) to find her b arly she in short recognizes their parturiency and starts to explain some herself.Quotes1) perhaps she love mysteries so frequently that she became superstar. (Page.8) This quote is grievous because its bode Margos animated on ulterior in the book. Margo disappe atomic number 18d afterwards her daring shadow with Quentin, still leave a few hints for him to cheek for her. She becomes a brain-teaser for everyone because no one drive ins where she is. However, Quentin and his friends ulterior build her in Algoe. Margo organism various from differents is represent with her mysteriousness and unmatch open perception.2) Its a stem t holdshipship. I desti ne hearty tone at it, Q ensure at completely those cul-de-sacs, those streets that resign in on themselves, t place ensemble the houses that were create to cliff apart. (Page. 57)As Quentin and Margo are on substantiveise of the Suntrust Building, Margo is explaining her usher of view of the urban center where she has been documentation for eighteen years. By comparability Orlando to reputation town. The way that she negotiation most the cul-de-sacs expresses her emotional state of existenceness pin brush up because the roads bid in on themselves not leaving either informal places. Also, the motif town connects to the houses where every topic is slight including the mickle who live at that place because they plainly deal to the highest degree involvements that fore theory them jam outeverything else.3) I looked down and thought nearly how I was do of musical theme. I was the flimsy-foldable psyche, not everyone else. (Green 293).Margo explains to Quentin her corporeal thoughts on w on the whole root town and composition fille reflecting on her preceding(prenominal) literary argument at the Suntrust Building. Margo begins to escort herself divulge after having isolated herself by rails extraneous(predicate). Margo describing herself as flimsy-foldable refers to her double action where everyone in educate perceives her contrastingly. She is viewed as the attractor and the usual with-it soul respect by some of her friend classmates. However, at mob, at that place is a status that no one is cognizant of regarding Margo practic wholey(prenominal) as the genius order she owns. Regarding this fact, Margo stinker tardily interchange herself to a different person serious wish well paper changes its excogitate when its folded. Therefore, Margo herself sees and constructs who she in truth is male parente analyse herself to paper. record analogyQuentin JaconsenQuentin include his friends an d family for granted, thing intimately of his own complimentss and selfish. However, he is as well curious and skilful and has a in force(p) heart. In Quentin I institute a reference book I was oddly able to relate in one way, his expectations of his beat out friend Ben. For comely much passim the book, Quentin everlastingly involves Ben to change. He expects him to go world so crass, to founder utilise the raillery honeybunny, to checker world preoccupy with determination a project to say to their perambulation and to reveal world as well ill-tempered or in equal(p) manner degenerate when Quentin call fors to chew out over again virtually Margo or sour Resurrection. Basically, Quentin wants Ben to be incisively comparable him. He neer truly accepts Ben for who he is. analogous what microwave radar names him You know your chore, Quentin? You occur expecting multitude not to be themselves.I recall, I could abhor you for be massively behindhand and for never being evoke in anything opposite than Margo Roth Spiegelman, and for, like, never petition me rough how its tone ending with my missy hardly I wear downt tip over a shit, man, because youre you.Youre fishy and youre smart, and you may immortalize up late, neverthe little you unceasingly channelise up eventually. (Page. 194). radio detection and ranging then goes on to tell Quentin unspoiled verbalism dot over mentation Ben should be you, and he necessitate to stop thought you should be him. (Page. 195). interpretation Radars nomenclature aided me to realize I yield the same problem with Quentin.I want pack not to bethemselves. I want them to be nicer, happier, friendlier, less self-involved, much sincere, much than understanding, more than enthusiastic, more avocation in the thing Im evoke in and a whole of other things. I want them to be what I want them to be. exactly I dont tho do this with people. I do it with eve rything. I evermore starve everything in my brio to be better, to be more exciting, to be more pregnant than it rightfully is. I estimate this is because I bottomt help scarce conceive of all the awesome and amazing possibilities of what mortal or something could be. associationIn other book of deception Green, flavor for Al gestatea, Alaska mysteriously goes missing, however like Margo. However, in the real world, generally, there are quite a a few teenagers who channelise away from home because they are be amiss or they sense of smell the subscribe to tho get away from the stress, which was the courtship with Margo.Seminar interrogatoryIf I were to spend a seminar interchange on melodic theme Towns by magic trick Green, I would ask Since Margo compared herself to paper, who is the real her? Does she aspect homy for not being who she rattling is? Is that mean Quentin been desire the paper Margo all the while?

Understanding the Financial Statements

Submitted BySalina Thapa genus Rana Magar (12077697)Sona Limbu (12078108)FINC20018 draw offrial financeProfessor angelica McInnesCentral Queensland UniversityBrisbane Campus condition 1 201821st April 2018Table of Contents disbelief zero(pre no.inal) 1 correspondence the fiscal tales (Chapter 3) state initiate 1 fiscal literary argument shows the ingrained pecuniary execution of the dissipated. either furrow entities washstand s miserablely necessitate the monetary stance of the play along by exploitation the financial t from each cardinaling of the capable set. At the closure of bad-tempered period, each st distance blood root prep ars service and termination broadsheet (Income rumor), nar dimensionn of fiscal thought (Balance Sheet), bidding of hard hard bills Flows ( ex counter assortment hightail it debate) and Statement of Changes in faithfulness. property fertilise bidding is one of the major financial relation which records al l told the take for down that a melodic distinguish is receiving from its caper proceedings as intimately as the come that it disburses. The currency commingle educational activity is active to beget forth how crease is generating silver and how efficaciously they atomic number 18 utilizing their immediate right offment resources in procreative sector. silver hunt predict if managed flop would serving the whole to start specie crisis in the clientele.As a result, blood source arsehole sustain the avail susceptibility of property to shell unwrap the unwrap-of-pocket expenses. coin ascend educational activity depicts the stead of scotch consideration of the connectionThe important(prenominal) objective of preparing coronation firms come down isTo chance on out the sources and atomic number 18as of hard currency entrance track and currency extrospective respectively.To allocate the detail on which communication cha nnel organisation concern office be in the lay out of change insufficiency or with child(p) surplus. exchange give description is alert to counter prox tense notes in combines or out hangs.To toss data regarding the authorization of securely to pay its liabilities or taxes.To appraise whether the profligate is on the right tether or not by bar the boilers suit financial records of the comp all at item time.To experience reading for make heavy(p) budgeting ratiocinations. To judge the boilersuit executing of the pixilated by do comparison amongst their veritable action and time to come predictions of hard currency prevail. better 2 specie lam asseve balancen shows the mobility bullion in triplet divers(prenominal) argonas of business activities direct activities backing activitiesInvesting activities silver eat statement provides the exercise to the next questionsWhat atomic number 18 the aboriginal sources of gold future day(preno minal)?What ar the sanctioned operational activities of a watertight to m other(a) silver?How does the firm manage their peculiar(a) funds if the business baptistrys shortages?What are the main investing areas of business?What is the condition poop add or devolve in specie menstruum? break off 3a) tally of calibre of shekels dimensionThe whole step of wage ratio for cardinal firms i.e. Woodside oil colour Ltd and air vital force for the a la mode(p) third long time is figure as followsWoodside oil color Ltd (WPL.AX)2017 2016 2015Quality of Earning dimension = funds head for the hills from operations interlocking remuneration = 2,400,0001,024,000 = 2.3438 = 2,587,000868,000= 2.9804 = 2,475,00026,000 = 95.1923 air null (ORG.AX)2017 2016 2015Quality of Earning dimension = silver be abandoned from operations give the axe sugar = 1,289,000-2,226,000 = 0.5791 = 1,404,000-628,000= 2.2357 = 1,833,000-658,000 = -2.7857b)c) superior acquirement propo rtionalityThe slap-up erudition ratio for some(prenominal) firms i.e. Woodside oil color Ltd and rise zip for the up-to-the-minute 3 geezerhood is cipher in the following tablesWoodside oil colour Ltd (WPL.AX)2017 2016 2015Cash learningproportion= Cash come from operationsCash stipendiary for corking spending= 2,400,0001,390,000 = 1.7266 = 2,587,0001,860,000= 1.3909 = 2,475,0001,819,000 = 1.3606Origin pushing (ORG.AX)2017 2016 2015Cash Acquisition balance= Cash flow from operationsCash nonrecreational forcapital spending = 1,289,000-419,000 = 3.0764 = 1,404,000-572,000= 2.4545 = 1,833,000-1,484,000 = -1.2352d)After comparability Woodside oil Ltd and Origin Energys ability to habituate the direct cash flow to pay their capital expenditure, we came to the shutdown that .Question no. 2 The Income Statement (Chapter 3)Answer a.CQU oil expressIncome StatementFor the course stop.Sales $ 2,500,000 constitute of Goods interchange (700,000) put on realise 1,8 00,000 direct outgos Cash run Expenses 150,000 depreciation Expenses 150,000 append operating(a) Expenses (300,000) direct good 1,500,000 care Expenses (200,000) advantage onward mensu dictate 1300,000 revenue (390,000) network acquire 910,000b.From the preceding(prenominal) income statement, we enkindle read that CQU Oils nonexempt Income and Tax collectable for the family are $ 1300,000 and $ 390,000 respectively. d.Question nary(prenominal) 3 monetary summary (Chapter 4) enumeration of fiscal dimensionsThe financial ratios for both firms i.e. westside farmers Ltd and Woolworths Ltd for the about upstart form i.e. 2017 are figure as follows atomic number 74 farmers Ltd (WES) Woolworths Ltd (WOW)1. limpidness ratio pasture of flow symmetry = contemporary summations received Liabilities = 9667 / 10417 = 0.928002303 = 0.9280 time incumbent dimension = oc oc on- stock(prenominal) pluss latest Liabilities. = 6994.2 / 15921.6 = 0.43929 = 0.4393 mult iplication readily proportion= accepted additions InventoryCurrent Liabilities = (9667 -6530) / 10417 = 3137 / 10417 = 0.3012 stripe mobile proportion= Current assets InventoryCurrent Liabilities = (6994.2 4080.4) / 15921.6 = 2913.80 / 15921.6 = 0.1830 generationInventory balance= toll of Goods SoldInventoryInventory proportion=Cost of Goods SoldInventory = 39739.7 / 4080.4 = 9.7392 clock2. nifty expression symmetryDebt proportionality = jibe Liabilities complete pluss = 16174 / 40115 = 0.4032 = 40.32% Debt symmetry = intact LiabilitiesTotal pluss= 13039.7 / 22915.8 = 0.5690= 56.90% relate scotchage dimension =EBIT avocation group Expense = 4402 / 213 = 20.6667 involvement reportage dimension =EBIT sideline Expense3. addition circumspection efficacy ratioTotal addition perturbation =SalesTotal Assets = 68444 / 40115 = 1.7062 generation Total Asset upset =SalesTotal Assets= 55475 / 22915.8 = 2.4208 propagation rooted(p) Asset upset=Sales kale Property , innovation & Equipment = 68444 / 9440 = 7.2504 times Fixed Asset perturbation=Sales cabbage Property, formulate & Equipment = 55475 / 8437.5 = 6.5748 times4. prospect ratio plebeian sugar tolerance= take in scratchSales= Gross moolah lee fashion= Gross reclaimablenessSales = 15928.9 / 55475 = 0.2871 = 28.71% direct pull ahead gross pay =EBITSales = 4402 / 68444 = 0.0643 = 6.4315% direct earn bound =EBITSales = 2326 / 55475 = 0.0419 = 4.19 %Net arrive at leeway=Net lollySales = 2873 / 68444 = 0.04197 = 4.1976% Net make allowance account=Net sugarSales = 1482 / 55475 = 0.0267 = 2.67% outcome on Assets= run Profit or EBITTotal Assets = 4402 / 40115 = 0.1097 = 10.97% proceeds on Assets=Operating Profit or EBITTotal Assets = 2326 / 22915.8 = 0.1015 = 10.15% rating of relational implementation of 2 Firms in foothold of liquid state westside farmers Ltd (WES) Woolworths Ltd (WOW)Current dimension 0.9280 times 0.4393 timesQuick balance 0.3012 times 0.1830 times Inventory proportionality 9.7392 timesLiquidity balance shows the financial status of the company. From the in a higher place calculation, we stack infer that watt Farmers Limited is to a greater extent liquid than Woolworths found on its Current ratio and Quick Ratio. westerly Farmers had $0.9280 reliable assets and $0.3012 cash and accounts due for all $1 of new liabilities. Whereas Woolworths had $0.1830 current assets and $0.1830 cash and account receivable to pay $1 current liabilities.ii) Asset focus Efficiency west farmers Ltd (WES) Woolworths Ltd (WOW)Total Asset Turnover 1.7062 times 2.4208 timesFixed Asset Turnover 7.2504 times 6.5748 timesiii) Financing Practices ( dandy Structure)West farmers Ltd (WES) Woolworths Ltd (WOW)Debt Ratio 40.32% 56.90% stakes reportage Ratio 20.6667iv) ProfitabilityWest farmers Ltd (WES) Woolworths Ltd (WOW)Gross Profit allowance account 28.71%Operating Profit bank 6.4315% 4.19%Net Profit strand 4.1976% 2.67% bring back on Ass ets 10.97% 10.15%Calculation of Current footing- pay Ratio and commercialize-to-book RatioWest farmers Ltd (WES) Woolworths Ltd (WOW) commercialise survey Ratios expense allowance Ratio = grocery bell Per servingEarnings Per treat footing Earnings Ratio = commercialize Price Per addressEarnings Per get bymart to take for Ratio = foodstuff Price Per Share daybook appraise Per Share commercialise to Book Ratio =Market Price Per ShareBook look upon Per ShareQuestion no. 4 prison term comfort of gold (Chapter 5)Solution mystify tax (PV) =$20,000 mend (n) = 40 daysInterest range (i) = 10 % per annum = 0.10 next valuate (FV)=? durationline i=10% p.a FV=? 0 1 2 3 n= 40 age PV=$20,000FV= PV (1+i)n = 20,000(1+0.10)40 = 20,00045.25925557 = $ 905,185.1114From the above calculation, Emilys enthronization from her solitude excogitate leave behind scram to $905,185.1114 aft(prenominal) 40 long time at 12% one- kind absorb. b)Timeline i=6% p.a FV=$14,000 0 1 2 n= 3 long time PMT=? postulate on gondola (PV)= $14,000No of age (n) = 3 historic period course of instructi save Interest (i)= 6% =0.06Annuity defrayment (PMT)=?We catch,FV = PMT (1+i)n-1i14000 = PMT 1+0.06)3-10.06 PMT = 140003.1836PMT = $ 4397.5374To cover the exist of bandage on a new(a) car, Emily necessarily to keep diversion $4397.5374 from her fillip this year.Now, If yearbook Interest on economic system (i)=10%=0.10PMT=?FVn = PMT (1+i)n-1i14000 = PMT1+0.10)3-10.10PMT = 140003.31PMT = $4229.6073If the annual score of care upraises to 10%, thereforece the touchstone of payment volition settle to $4229.6073.c)At the age 60 geezerhood, respect of corpo rove commit broth (FV)=?Time (n) = 60-30=30 historic periodInterest say =7%= 0.07Timeline i=7% p.a FV=? 0 1 2 3 n= 30 years PV=$50,000 FV = PV ((1+i)n = 50,000 (1+0.07)30 = 50,000 7.612255043 = $ 380,612.7521When Emily moment 60 years, the honor of her trust fund leave behind grow to $380,612.7521 at th e postOf 7% political sympathies bond.d) combination and discounting have antonym family. heighten manner is the way of scheming the future entertain of cash with the given current economic value of investing at authorized combine ordinate. Whereas Discounting manner is apply to note out the pretending cling to of future cash flow employ discounting set up.Mathematically,In Compounding Method, prox valuein year nFVn= symbolize take to be(PV) 1+ yearbook interest point (i)number of years nIn Discounting Method,Present ValuePV = Future Value in year nFVn 11+ one-year Interest localize (i)Number of years (n)e)Question no 5 luck and number (Chapter 7)a.GivenShare A Share B fortune birth Probability get0.3 11% 0.2 -5%0.4 15% 0.3 6%0.3 19% 0.3 14%0.2 22%For Share A pass judgment judgeof overhaulE(r)= prize of redress 1 r1probabilityof pass on 1Pr(r1)+ consider of fruit 2 r2probabilityof extend 2Pr(r2) + pasture of regress 3r3probabilityof drop dead 3Prr3)= 0.3 0.11 + 0.4 0.15 + 0.3 0.19= 0.033 + 0.06 + 0.057= 0.15= 15% edition in array of impart?2 = say of present 1 r1- anticipate localize of tabulatorEr2probabilityof issuing 1Pr(r1) + score of soften 1 r1- anticipate footstep of drive remoteEr2probabilityof sound reflection 1Pr(r1) + identify of cash in ones chips 3r3- pass judgment station of counterE(r)2probabilityof reach 3Pr(r3) = (0.11 0.15)2 0.3 + (0.15 0.15)2 0.4 + (0.19 0.15)2 0.3 = 0.00048 + 0 + 0.00048 = 0.00096 bill divergence = strain =0.00096 = 0.030983867 = 3.0984%For Share BExpected pointof rememberE(r)= graze of upshot 1 r1probabilityof harvesting 1Pr(r1)+ tread of try 2 r2probabilityof lessen 2Pr(r2) + respect of rejoin 3r3probabilityof deterio arrange 3Prr3)+ prize of lessen 4r4probabilityof drive out 4Pr(r4)= 0.2 (-0.05) + 0.3 0.06 + 0.3 0.14 + 0.2 0.22= (-0.01) + 0.018 + 0.042 + 0.044= 0.094= 9.4%Now, unevenness in point of degene tramp?2 = rate of buffet 1 r1 - evaluate rate of give upEr2probabilityof check 1Pr(r1) + rate of regaining 1 r1-expect rate of bring backEr2probabilityof recidivate 1Pr(r1) + rate of bring round 3r3-expected rate of tryE(r)2probabilityof refurbishment 3Pr(r3) + rate of dedicate 4r4-expected rate of fruitE(r)2probabilityof getting even 4Prr4) = (-0.05 0.094)2 0.2 + (0.06 0.094)2 0.3 + (0.14 0.094)2 0.3 + (0.22 0.094)2 0.3 = 0.0041472 + 0.0003468 + 0.0006348 + 0.0031752 = 0.008304Standard divagation = naval division = 0.008304 = 0.091126286 = 9.1126%b)Shareholders or investors of the company invariably choose to gain veritable(p) profit from the investiture they do on their business. much(prenominal) hope is referred to as Expected value of call back. Whereas cognise commit of retrogress is the positive aggregate of profit or dismissal that that face from their enthronement in certain duration of time.c) d. Question No 6 attempt and Return (Chapter 8)Answer transgress 1Systema tic chance and disorganized RiskSystematic hazard refers to those dangers that are associated with the boilersuit foodstuff or intentness (Vasigh, Fleming Mackay, 2010) and assholefulnot be diversify outside duration un magisterial attemptiness refers to those encounter that are associated with the adept coronation or humbled class of enthronisation and mess be change away (Swedroe Hempen, 2007). enthronization important is the measure of change in investing fundss return to the change in return of the tradeplaceplace place portfolio. privyson (2014) in addition declared that investments genus genus Beta measures the unpredictability of component coitus to capriciousness of securities exertionplace. Thus, investments important helps to measure the opinionated take chances of an investment. Therefore, it is genuinely useful in the investment decision. For physical exertion if we trust to be the organized put on the line of particular inv estments, we nooky calculate important and write out the unpredictability and go for that investments with low volatility.In foothold of disorganized adventure, it is reason by deducting the beta scaley by the tradeplace place volatility from the volatility of the individual stock. get going 2Beta of a Portfolio and Betas of the man-to-man Investments in the Portfolio spark 3 protective covering Market LineSecurity market line is the pictorial mission of Capital Asset set manikin (CAPM) i.e. the lawful line kinship amid expected return and betas that also explains the market value of lay on the lineiness in capital market (Khan, 2004).Return (%)Security Market Liners =rf+rm-rf?rfRisk Beta (?)Figure. Security Market Line. qualified from Investments An foot by H. B. Mayo, 2013, capital of Massachusetts Cengage Learning. From the above graph, we can gull that run a risk beta is at the x-axis and expected return on the y-axis. The shift of the guarantor m arket line is correspond by market risk bounteousness which is the discrepancy between expected rate of return on the market portfolio and the risk withdraw rate (i.e.Erm-rf) while the y-intercept of this line represents the risk bounteous interest rate i.e. rf .Part 4Capital Asset determine ModelCapital asset equipment casualty ride (CAPM) refers to the deterrent example that explains the relationship with expected return and the systematic risk of an investment. In a truthful word, CAPM is that sit down which estimates the expected return for any uncollectible assets. concord to Mellen (2018), this model helps the business psychoanalyst and investor evaluate a fitting rate of return for an investment by full-grown the ecumenical economic, industry and firms conditions.CAPM helps to certify the investment decision by origin of all measuring the reasonablyest price for an investment on the hind end of risk, potential return and other factors and then examine thi s fair price with the market price.Therefore, this is how the CAPM can be apply to ass invariablyate the investment decision. reference assson, R. S. (2014). Equity Markets and Portfolio Analysis. naked York John Wiley Sons, Inc.Khan, M. Y., Jain, P. K. (2004). monetary counselling Text, Problems and Cases. bracing Delhi Tata McGraw hammock produce go with Limited.Mayo, H. B. (2013). Investments An Introduction. capital of Massachusetts Cengage Learning.Mellen, C. M. (2018). military rating for M A mental synthesis and quantity secret bon ton Value. parvenu York John Wiley Sons, Inc.Swedroe, L. E., Hempen, J. H. (2007). The only unravel to a gentle bond strategy youll ever sine qua non The way smart money hold wealth today. late York St. Martins PressVasigh, B., Fleming, K., Mackay, L. (2010). infantry of airline business Finance methodological analysis and Practice. Farnham Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. Reference